Racial Differences Of Prostate Cancer Based On Gene Expression Analysis:A Bioinformatics Study

As the most common malignant tumor in male reproductive system,prostate cancer(PCa)seriously threats to human health.The development of PCa involves multiple signaling pathways,and the pathogenesis is more complicated.Epidemiological studies have found that there are racial differences in the incidence and heterogeneity of prostate cancer.Black people have the highest incidence rate,followed by Caucasians and Asians,and Asians who live in the West have a higher incidence than native-born Asians.At present,there are relatively few studies on the molecular mechanisms of race and population heterogeneity in prostate cancer.This study explores the relationships among gene,gene network and biological function of PCa in different ethnic groups from both molecular and systematic levels,respectively.First,the human protein-protein interaction network(HPC-PPIN)of PCa was constructed,containing 5,629 nodes and 65,671 edges.Then,the selected differentially expressed genes of Black,White,and Yellow(mainly Asians)were mapped to HPC-PPIN,obtained ethnic-specific protein interaction networks of PCa.Through analyzing the topological structure of the network and biological function,it could be found that the special enrichment pathways of the genes in black people network is the most,followed by Caucasians and Asians.There are 74 pathways were shared by the three kinds of ethnic groups,and the pathways of black people and Caucasians are mainly derived from the molecular mechanisms of cancer and glucocorticoid receptor signaling,while the pathways for Asians are primarily concentrated in the paxillin signaling,interleukin 6 and other related immune routes.After that,the datas of black people and Caucasians were further refined to compare heterogeneity in different stages of PCa(stage II and stage III)between two groups.First of all,differentially expressed genes of the black people and Caucasians stage II&stage III were mapped to the HPC–PPIN to get the special protein interaction network about two kinds of races in PCa stage.By analyzing the network topological structure and biological function,the same pathways and unique pathways were found to probe the heterogeneity between different racial of prostate cancer stages.Also,these significant different pathways have been verified by literatures and can be further studied through rational biological experiments.This study provides an explanation on molecular mechanism for the heterogeneity of PCa and a theoretical basis for understanding the pathogenesis of different racial and ethnic groups of PCa,facilitating to find relevant PCa biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment.In addition,it is practically significant to offer theoretical support for early diagnosis,prognosis monitoring,and individualized treatment of PCa in different races.