| There is a lot of controversies in the theory of Formula-Syndrome.For example,whether the theory exists in the Shanghan Zabing Lun,whether the theory is divorced from the core concepts of Traditional Chinese Medicine basic theories or treatment based on syndrome differentiation and so on.However,the domestic and international studies of Formula-Syndrome have the disadvantages of naming confusion,meaning complexity and many disputes.Through the study of Zhang Zhongjing’s Formula-Syndrome theory,this paper hopes to deepen the understanding and solve the disputes.This study decomposes and discusses the Formula-Syndrome theory of Zhang Zhongjing through the critical thinking,which combined with the logical thinking process of understanding problems.Simultaneously,this study restores the relevant theories with ZhiRenLunShi thinking from the perspective of chronological background.It can be found through this research that Zhang Zhongjing had the thinking of Formula-Syndrome in the Shanghan Zabing Lun.The essence of Correspondence of Prescription and Syndrome theory is the course of thinking process,namely the use of procedural knowledge.In the views of Zhang Zhonjing,prescription was the method of treating disease,including decorating and dosing methods,which was classical prescription,non-classical prescription and associated prescription.These prescriptions may originate from the current prescriptions of Eastern Han Dynasty and the self-made prescriptions of Zhang Zhongjing.His methods of writing out prescriptions included the thoughts of preventive treatment of disease,relative importance or urgency,the deficiency and excess of Physique and Qi.He also attached great importance to the Combined Prescriptions and the drugs increasing or decreasing.His views of syndrome summarized the comprehensive situations of disease,around Formula-Syndrome and Disease-Syndrome.His syndrome opinions were from the summary of practice and declarative knowledge,not symptom,modern syndrome,nor Xiang.In the collection process of the evidences,he thought highly of the holism and the comprehensive analysis by four diagnostic methods.His views on how to generate the correspondence belonged to the inductive method essentially.In the clinic,the corresponding relationship between prescription and syndrome are related to the symptoms of the patients.The symptoms are divided into two aspects:typical symptoms and secondary symptoms.When the typical symptoms are obvious and the secondary symptoms are less disturbing,the level of correspondence is strong.When the typical symptoms are not obvious and the secondary symptoms are more disturbing,the level of correspondence is weak.This kind of situation means typical symptoms misjudged which causes the prescription and the syndrome with non-correspondence.He induced typical symptoms through the "grasping the main symptom" and pathogenesis.The theory of Correspondence of Prescription and Syndrome is using the basic theories of Chinese medicine to understand disease.It is also combined with various syndrome differentiation methods.The theory of Correspondence of Prescription and Syndrome is a comprehensive method of diagnosis and treatment.To follow the syndrome differentiation of Correspondence of Prescription and Syndrome needs a lot of declarative knowledge and then through qualitative changes into procedural knowledge.It needs to pay attention to the process of thinking processing.The follow-up studies of Correspondence of Prescription and Syndrome should pay attention to the theoretical framework and the using of critical thinking in theory research,rather than simply sticking to the parts of prescription and syndrome. |
