Studies On Extraction And Immunity Of The Main Bioactive Components Of Ganoderma Lucidum

Ganoderma lucidum,has been reported that it is beneficial to health of human.Both fruiting bodies and spores can be used as medicine.The bioactive components of Ganoderma lucidum are very abundant,the research of polysaccharides and triterpenes is the most extensive which both have the effect of improving immunity.In this paper,first,we studied the extraction of alcohol extracts and polysaccharides.Then,the content and compositions of alcohol extracts and polysaccharides were measured.Finally,the immunity activity were carried out respectively.We got the following results:1.Studies on extraction,composition of alcohol extracts from fruiting bodies.spores and broken spores of Ganoderma lucidumIn this part,extraction process was optimized by single factor test and orthogonal experiment,which the extraction ratio of total triterpenes was the index.The best method of extracting the alcohol extracts from fruiting bodies was:adding 30 times amount of 65%alcohol and extracting the herbs three times,each for 1.5 h.The best method broken spores was:adding 10 times amount of 65%alcohol and extracting the herbs two times,each for 2.0 h.The best method of broken spores was:adding 10 times amount of 65%alcohol and extracting the herbs three times,each for 2.0 h.The extraction ratio of total triterpenes were respectively:0.74%?0.23%and 0.90%In this paper,the compositions of ganoderma triterpene compounds of alcohol extracts from fruiting bodies?spores and broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ion-ization multi-stage tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-ESI-MS).Ion fragments of each component were obtained by the molecular weight and the corresponding mass spectrometry according to the fracturing rules and the quality spectrum data of standards.It was preliminarily concluded that there were 29 triterpenoids in fruiting bodies,13 triterpenoids in spores and 8 triterpenoids inbroken spores2.Studies on extraction and monosaccharide composition analysis of polysaccharides from fruiting bodies?spores and broken spores of Ganoderma lucidumIn this part,after ethanol-soaking,exacting polysaccharose with the method of water-extraction and alcohol-precipitation can extract triterpenes and polysaccharides simultaneously.The extraction ratio of polysaccharides from fruiting bodies?spores and broken spores were respectively:0.57%?1.26%and 2.65%.The polysaccharides were graded and purified.The monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides from fruiting bodies?spores and broken spores were analyzed by using GC-MS.The results showed that all of them were rich in glucose,and other monosaccharide composition and percentage were different when the.molecular weight were different.The monosaccharide which molecular weight<5000 Da and>1×106 Da of fruit bodies were both composed of arabinose,galactose,mannose,ribose,xylose,glucose,rhamnose and fucose;The monosaccharide which molecular weight<5000 Da and>1×106 Da of spores both contained galactose,mannose,glucose and glucuronic acid.The monosaccharide which molecular weight<5000 Da and>1×106 Da of broken spores were both composed by galactose,mannose and glucose.3.Studies on immunity of alcohol extracts and polysaccharides from fruiting bodies?spores and broken spores of Ganoderma lucidumThe test of mice splenocyte proliferation was used to study that how the alcohol extracts and polysaccharides influence the mice splenocyte proliferation.The result showed that the alcohol extracts and polysaccharides could significantly promote mice splenocyte proliferation with ConA induced.They had the effect of cellular immunity.This study researched that the extraction,composition and immunity of the main bioactive components from fruiting bodies and spores of Ganoderma lucidum.The results obtained in this research could provide theoretical basis for pharmacodynamics study of ganoderma lucidum and the development of related health care products.