Comparative Study On Chemistry And Pharmacodynamics Of Anti-heart Failure With Wild Astragali Radix Based On Absolute Growth Years And Cultivated Astragali Radix

Rationales: The wild Astragali Radix,produced in the Hengshan Mountains in Shanxi Province,is a well-known "authentic Chinese herb." It has been found that as the growth period increases,the tip of the root of Astragali Radix grows downwards and grows thicker on the upper end.That is,the actual growth period of the different diameter segments of the root is not the same,and the growth period of medicinal herbs directly affects the accumulation and content of medicinal ingredients.The contents of secondary metabolites such as flavonoids,saponins,and polysaccharides in Astragali Radix are increasing year by year.After excavation,Astragali Radix cuts the lateral roots and divided into different root segments according to the root thickness along with the main root and divided into different commodity grades.Is this rationality based on visual inspection of diameters? still not clear.However,it is not possible to identify the growth years from the appearance of aerial parts and roots and stems,at present.Therefore,this study intends to establish a method for accurately identify the growth years by the number of growing rings,clarify the laws of accumulation of various chemical components,and finding out the effect of anti-heart failure efficacy between cultivated Astragali Radix and wild good Astragali Radix with absolute growthyears.The research results not only lay the foundation for the establishment of a more comprehensive good specification level standard,but also have great significance for ensuring the advantages of the province's medicinal resources and promoting the sustainable development of the province's chinese medicine industry chain.Objectives: Identify the absolute growth years of wild Astragali Radix based on the characteristics of the growth rings in the root of Astragali Radix root;comparing the differences of chemical composition which cultivated Astragali Radix and wild Astragali Radix with different growth rings;evaluating the efficacy differences and difference degree of anti-heart failure with wild good Astragali Radix and cultivated Astragali Radix.providing the basis for the quality evaluation of wild Astragali Radix medicinal herbs,the classification of commodity specifications and the rational use of drugs in clinical practice.Methods:(1)The number of growth rings in different diameter segments of differentwild Astragali Radix roots and the same wild Astragali Radix was studied using traditional experience and combined with hand-slicing and paraffin sectioning techniques;(2)Using the simultaneous determination method of HPLC-UV-ELSD determine twenty-two index components with cultivated Astragali Radix and wild Astragali Radix with different numbers of growing rings.(3)A rat model of heart failure induced by intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin(DOX)was used to compare the intervention of traditional pharmacodynamic indexes and metabolomic indicators of rats with heart failure(heavy and mild)between wild good Astragali Radix(more than 4 years of absolute growth)and cultivated Astragali Radix.Results:(1)Visual observations revealed that there were cellulose bands around the center of the roots in the xylem;pink circles were formed in the xylem after freehand sectioning and staining with phloroglucinol-concentrated hydrochloric acid;after paraffin sections,large and small catheter groups in the xylem were spaced around the center of the root.To determine the number of growth rings,and the freehand section and paraffin section observations consistent.That is to say,the number of growth rings at the hollow part of different wild Astragali Radix roots is consistent with the actual planting period and the number of the same wild Astragali Radix root from the top without hollow part to the root-tip growth rings gradually decreases.(2)The results of HPLC-UV-ELSD showed that the contents of flavonoids and saponins in the roots of different growth rings in the same wild Astragali Radix root were different.The content of astragaloside ? and total saponin of Astragali Radix was significantly negatively correlated with the number of growth rings.The smaller the number of growth rings,the more Astragaloside IV and total saponin content.The correlation between the content of glucosinolates and total flavonoids and the number of growth rings was relatively weak.The content was high when the number of growth rings reached 4 and 5.The simultaneous determination of 12 components showed that the total flavonoids and calycosinolates,awnin,pterostane,isoflavans,astragaloside I,and astragaloside ? membranaceus in wild Astragali Radix(number of growth rings is 4,ie,the growth period is 4 years)is significantly higher than cultivated Astragali Radix.The content of saponin III was significantly higher than that of cultivated Astragali Radix;however,there was no significant difference in the content of total saponins compared cultivated Astragali Radix.(3)The anti-heart failure pharmacodynamics experiment showed that the anti-heart failure effect of wild good Astragali Radix was significantly better than that of cultivated Astragali Radix.The serum BNP level in the model group was significantly higher than that in the blank control group,and the callback effect of the wild good Astragali Radix group was significantly better than that of the cultivated Astragali Radix group.The group of wild good Astragali Radix can significantly reduce the levels of EF and FS,and there is a significant difference(p<0.5)compared with the cultivated Astragali Radix group,indicating that the effects of the two types of Astragali Radix on improving heart function are different.Metabolomics results show the rate of change in the wild good Astragali Radix group is large of metabolites of 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid,acetone,pyruvate,and formate in the serum,metabolites of proline,creatine,methionine,and phosphatidylcholine in the heart.Conclusion:The results of this study indicate that the xylem growth rings can be used as the basis for judging the actual growth period of Astragali Radix,to establish a segmentation(grading)method based on the number of growth rings.The results of evaluating the quality of Astragali Radix based on chemical and pharmaceutical efficacy(anti-heart failure)indicate that the content of flavonoids and saponins in different diameter segments of wild Astragali Radix varied greatly,and wild Astragali Radix and cultivated Astragali Radix could be significantly separated;Overall,the effect of wild Astragali Radix on heart failure rats is better than that of cultivated Astragali Radix.It provides the basis for the classification of product specifications and the rational use of drugs for Hengshan Huangqi medicinal herbs.