Correlation Between Damp Heat Syndrome Of Primary Liver Cancer And Tongue Microorganism

Background: In China,traditional Chinese medicine?TCM?has participated in the whole process of liver cancer prevention and treatment and also plays an active role.Treatment based on syndrome differentiation is an important feature of traditional Chinese medicine,and it is also a key part of TCM diagnosis and treatment of diseases.We find that damp-heat syndrome is one of the common syndromes of patients with primary liver cancer in our clinical work and research.The clinical indicators of liver cancer patients with damp-heat syndrome are also different from those of liver cancer patients with other syndromes.Therefore,the clinical indicators of liver cancer patients with damp-heat syndrome and non-damp heat syndrome were compared in the early stage of this study.Studies have shown that TCM syndromes are related to intestinal microbes,and intestinal microflora with different syndromes has specificity.The oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract are two major components of the human digestive tract.The oral microbial system is also the second largest microbial system of the human body,second only to the intestinal microbial system,and the two have homology.Therefore,on the one hand,this topic attempts to explore the correlation between the damp-heat syndrome of liver cancer and the microbe of tongue coating.On the other hand,it also attempts to explore the direction of liver cancer research from the perspective of tongue microbe.Objective: 1.Explain the differences in clinical features between liver cancer patients with damp-heat syndrome and non-damp heat syndrome.2.To explore the correlation between damp-heat syndrome of liver cancer and tongue coating microorganisms,in order to provide microbiological basis for damp-heat syndrome of liver cancer.3.to explore the specificity of tongue coating microorganisms in liver cancer patients,trying to provide a new direction for the study of liver cancer.Method:1.Randomly selected patients with age ? 18 years old and whose clinical diagnosis is primary liver cancer.Under the guidance of a deputy chief physician of TCM,filled in the "Chinese Medicine Liver Disease Syndrome Questionnaire"?attached table 1?with the actual situation of the patients.Completed Questionnaires compared the "Qualitative Diagnostic Criteria for Basic TCM Syndrome of Primary Liver Cancer"?attached table 2?to determine 55 liver cancer patients with damp-heat syndrome,and we randomly selected 52 liver cancer patients with non-damp heat syndrome,and the clinical data of the two groups of patients were collected and compared by statistical methods.2.This part randomly selected 30 cases from the liver cancer with damp-heat syndrome group and the liver cancer with non-damp heat syndrome group,and then collected 25 cases from the medical examination population as a healthy control group.Therefore,this part is divided into two groups,namely,liver cancer group,healthy control group,and there are three groups in the subdivision: liver cancer with damp-heat syndrome group,liver cancer with non-damp heat syndrome group,and 25 cases of healthy control group.DNA in all tongue samples was extracted to amplify the V2-V4 hypervariable region of 16 s rDNA,and Sequencing of 16 S rRNA gene in tongue coating of liver cancer with damp-heat syndrome group,non-damp heat syndrome group and healthy control group using high-throughput sequencing technology.Operation on the QIIME software and have each OTU be compared to the SILVA database to obtain a taxonomic basis.Finally,the diversity of the species,the composition and abundance of the species,the important species,the different species and the functional prediction of the flora were analyzed and compared.Results: 1.The clinical analysis of 55 liver cancer patients with damp-heat syndrome and 52 patients with non-damp heat syndrome of liver cancer was analyzed in the early stage.There were differences in total bilirubin,direct bilirubin,white blood cells,neutrophils,percentage of neutrophils and body mass index,and the difference was statistically significant?P < 0.05?.2.There were differences between the three groups and between the two groups under the Sobs index,but the difference was not statistically significant.At the level of the phylum,between the two groups,the relative abundances were different in Firmicutes,Fusobacteria,Actinobacteria,SR1_Absconditabacteria,Spirochaetae,and Chioroflexi.,and the difference was statistically significant?P < 0.05?.Among the three groups,the relative abundances were different in Fusobacteria,Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,and synergistetes,and the difference was statistically significant?P < 0.05?.Significant analysis of differences between groups was performed at the genus level,between the two groups,the relative abundances were different in the Fusobacterium,Capnocytophaga,Veillonella,Porphyromonas and Actinomyces.the difference was statistically significant?P < 0.05?.As the healthy control group,Fusobacterium,Capnocytophaga and Porphyromonas was significantly higher than the liver cancer group;the relative abundances of Veillonella and Actinomyces were significantly higher in the liver cancer group than those in the healthy control group.Among the three groups,the relative abundances were significant different in the Fusobacterium,Veillonella,Porphyromonas,Actinomyces,Capnocytophaga and Prevotella-7,and the difference was statistically significant?P < 0.05?.Among them,the relative abundances of Fusobacterium,Capnocytophaga and Porphyromonas in the healthy control group were significantly higher than those of the liver cancer with damp-heat syndrome and liver cancer with non-damp heat syndrome group.The relative abundances of Veillonella,Actinomyces and Prevotella-7 were significantly higher in the damp heat syndrome group than those in the healthy control group and the non-damp heat syndrome group.Through LEfSe multi-level species discriminant analysis,We found that in the liver cancer group,Firmicutes,Prevotellaceae,Veillonellaceae,and Veillonella had a significant effect on the difference.In the liver cancer with damp-heat syndrome group,Veillonellaceae and Prevotella₇ had a significant effect on the difference.We used 16 s high-throughput sequencing to predict the functions of the tongue microbe group.The results showed that the functions of healthy control group enrichment mainly included replication,recombination and repair,while the liver cancer group has low function.The liver cancer group was mainly enriched in the pentose phosphate pathway and lysine biosynthesis.Through the microbial analysis of the liver cancer with damp heat syndrome group enrichment,we found that the main function of this group was to induce the risk of inflammatory reaction of more inflammatory factors.Conclusion:1.There are differences in clinical indicators between liver cancer patients with damp-heat syndrome and non-damp heat syndrome.2.The liver cancer patients with damp-heat syndrome have its unique microorganism structure,which can provide consideration for the study of liver cancer with damp-heat syndrome microorganisms.2.Compared with the healthy control group,the tongue coating microorganism of liver cancer patients has its specificity.