| Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata is a famous traditional Chinese medicine and is the root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx.It can be used to rescue critically ill patients.Aconite is a poisonous Chinese herbal medicine.Aconite is highly toxic and can not be taken directly.It needs to be processed before it can be used.Aconite processing methods are many.However,various processed products coexist on the market today,and there is no clear distinction in the method of use.It is very unfavorable for clinical use of drugs.Currently,the differences in different processed products and the conversion mechanisms of various components in different processing processes are not sufficiently detailed.In the process of aconite processing,whether there is a difference between high-temperature processing and low-temperature processing,and whether there is any influence of peeling on the quality of processed products are problems that need to be solved.In addition,the research on the processing of aconite processing mostly adopts laboratory simulation research methods,and the research on alkaloid transformation rules in each link in actual production is still relatively small.1.Study on the difference of alkaloid content in different processed productsThe HPLC method and HPLC-MS method were used to study the spectra of different processed products of Aconite and the difference of alkaloid content.The variance analysis was used to study the effect of peeling on the active ingredients.The experiment was conducted with Fried Fuzi,Heishunpian,and Steamed Fuzi.(1)The results showed that aconitine with two ester groups in raw aconite accounts for 88.12% of the total ester aconitine,while the processed product content does not exceed 11%.The order of the total ester aconitine content in Fried Fuzi,Steamed Fuzi,and Heishopian was: Fried Fuzi> Steamed Fuzi> Heishunpian.By studying the effect of peeling on the content of ester aconitine,it was found that the content of three kinds of double ester aconitine in raw aconite peel was about twice that of peeled raw aconite.Variance analysis showed that the content of aconitine was significantly different(P<0.01).The difference between processed products and peeled processed products was significant(0.01<P<0.05),indicating that peeling had a certain influence on the content of ester aconitine.(2)The results of the detection of other 7 alkaloids contained in aconite show that the contents of Songorine,Talatizamine,Neoline,and Fuziline are not significantly different in raw aconite and processed products.Aconine,Mesaconine,Hypaconine are processed at higher levels and have the highest Steamed Fuzi content.The difference in 7 other alkaloids was not significant.(3)The analysis of HPLC chromatograms showed that the components of the Fried Fuzi were relatively complex,and the unknown compound(A)and unknown compound(B)were found in the frying tablet.The peak area was 42.41% of the total peak area of the active ingredient.2.Study on Dynamic Variation of Alkaloids Content during Processing of Radix Aconiti Lateralis PreparataThe experiment studied the changes of alkaloid content in the processing of Fried Fuzi,Steamed Fuzi,and Heishunpian products,and compared the characteristic spectra,and studied the effect of peeling on the conversion of active ingredients during processing.(1)The Heishunpian process includes four key steps: salt soaking,boiling,rinsing,and steaming.The results show that the content of total ester-type aconitine decreased by 78.1% during the entire processing process,and the rinsing step fell by a maximum of 65%.The contents of the three monoester aconitines in the steaming step were significantly increased and the total ester aconitine content was also increased.The contents of other 7 alkaloids also decreased significantly during soaking and rinsing.(2)Fried Fuzi's process temperature is controlled at 160°C~180°C and processing time is about 10 minutes.The study of the processing process found that 0min~4min is the most active time for the transformation of various components,and the content of various alkaloids tends to be balanced in 4min to 10 min.The double ester aconitine was only 16.8% after 2 minutes,while the monoester aconitine increased to a maximum of 59.5% at 2 minutes and 97.6% at 4 minutes.The rise time of the monoester aconitine was inconsistent with the fall time of the double ester aconitine.Analysis of the spectra of Fried Fuzi processing showed that the disappearance and production of the three components except ester-type aconitine occurred within 2 min.The disappearance and production of the five components occurred within 2 min to 4 min.(3)The Steamed Fuzi process was steamed for 3 hours.The results of the Steamed Fuzi process showed that the steamed Fuzi diester-type aconitine decreased most from 0 h to 0.5 h and decreased to 22.3%.The three monoesters of aconitine increased sharply within 0.5 h,and basically stabilized after 0.5 h.(4)The peeling process has little effect on the change law of ester aconitine during processing of steamed and fried slices.3.Study on the Changes of Alkaloids Content during the Cooking Process of AconiteThe changes of alkaloids in different decocting time of raw aconite and processed aconite were studied.The results showed that there were both the dissolution process of active ingredient and the conversion process of ester-type aconitine in boiling process of raw aconite.The diester-type aconitine showed an increasing trend in the first 30 minutes,reaching 3.41 ?g·g-1 in 30 minutes,and then gradually decreased.The monoester aconitine always showed an upward trend and eventually reached 9.54 ?g·g-1.The Fried Fuzi and Heishunpian monoester aconitine increased in the first 30 minutes and basically stabilized after 60 minutes.Under different boiling time,peeling had no significant effect on the release and conversion of ester-type aconitine.There was no significant difference in variance analysis results(P>0.05)... |
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