A Study On The Lacquerware Exported To Occident In Qing Dynasty

Since the sixteenth century,with the opening of the sea lane of Europe to the orient and the development of the trade between China and Europe,China's porcelain,lacquer,silk and other artworks have been imported to Europe and regarded as a collection of treasures.From the end of seventeenth century to the middle of the nineteenth century,with the prosperity of the trade between Chinese and Western,the Chinese artworks in oriental style was admired by westerners.Chinese lacquerware catered to people's aesthetic taste and the pursuit of Chinese arts by its unique decoration style,and became the important export commodity of the maritime Silk Road in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The study of the export lacquerware was an important part of the study of the maritime Silk Road culture.By reviewing the relevant collections of museums at home and abroad and the existing literature and research results,this article has four parts,including the background,the artistic style,lacquer trade and the impact of export lacquer on occident.The background is the trade between the orient and occident in the early and middle Qing Dynasty and the pursuit of Chinese arts since the sixteenth century and fashionable Rococo style in the eighteenth century.The exported lacquerware directed to western market and had Chinese traditional craft characteristics and reflected the western aesthetic taste,combining the Chinese and Western artistic features.Its decoration mainly contained incised lacquer and gold lacquer,and the vignette integrated Chinese and western theme.From the seventeenth century to the eighteenth century,the trade partners were mainly Britain,Spain and France.Chinese lacquerware was well liked in America from the end of eighteenth century to the middle of the nineteenth century.In order to meet the western market,most production of the export lacquerware followed the special orders.Chinese export lacquer inspired the rise of the European and American lacquer industry and became the object of imitation.Moreover,the using of lacquer to decorate living house became common practice and the lacquer house highlighted this fashion.