On The State Building And The National Integration Of Indonesia

Located at the junction of the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean,Asia and Oceania,Indonesia is a member in multi-national state system in modern world.The modern Indonesian has experienced a long-term dynamic process in its formation and development on the basis of scattered territory.With an entry into the class society,the "segmentalization"and "unity" of ancient Indonesia was changing closely around the core of centralized autocracy,and then a united political and cultural system of Indonesia is made of the politics and cultures of various nations.With the development of history,Indonesia has gradually changed into a Javanese-dominated society.Although the imbalance among various nations in development has existed,the cultural elements of the Indonesian national universality,which has formed in the long history,have nourished the cohesive force of Indonesia,and also laid a historical foundation for modern national state building and national integration of Indonesia.After the victory of resisting Dutch colonial rule,the central government of Indonesia wanted to complete the national state building and the national integration,aiming at establishing a state of pluralistic integration from a state with multiple and scattered national economy,politics and culture.At the same time,the central government has had to settle down two conflicts:one is the goal of tradition against the goal of modernity,the other is the high social heterogeneity supported by different nationalities against homogenization tendency required by a modern democratic state.The state building needs to endeavor to integrate various nations all the way the nationalities are always building a united country.In the process of Indonesian the national state building and the national integration,Indonesia has made two adjustments:One is from Western parliamentary democracy to authorianism in state building;The other is from authorianism to democratization in state building.However,all previous governments have been troubled by ethnic problems which has never dispersed,accordingly the central government has struggled for keeping a united state and cohesion.To some extent,the split of the East Timor is a proper example in the failure of the national integration formerly.After entering this century,with the collapse of the centralized authoritarian regime,Indonesia has embraced a democratic time,providing national elites with an opportunity to conduct reform about the unreasonable national political system.By doing so,people of various nationalities were enabled to engage more in national affairs,which delivered a relief for intensified national conflicts.Although there might be challenges to tackle national problems thoroughly down nationwide,Indonesia is facing a brighter future for achieving national unity,which complies fully with the historical development tendency either for Indonesia or for the whole world.For the consecutiveness and succession of historical development,the paper conducts an analysis and a review about the pre-independence history of Indonesia at first.Secondly,it discusses briefly the goal of Indonesian national state building and the national integration.Finally the paper conducts an analysis and a study on Indonesian national state building and national integration progress of the Sukarno,the Suharto and the Post-Suharto stages from economy,politics and culture.