The Research On Archaic Words In Jianli Dialect

So far,it exists a large number of academic blanks in the research of Jianli dialect,especially in archaic words.Jianli is located in Hubei,adjacent to Hunan and close to Jiangxi.Its dialect has complex nature and remains rich archaic words.Therefore,this paper takes archaic words in Jianli dialect as the research object and studies these through methods like fieldwork,textual research,longitudinal analysis and horizontal comparison.The introduction of this paper generally introduces the historical evolution of Jianli,the nature of Jianli dialect,relevant research findings and reasons for the selection of the topic.The first chapter begins from the speech.It introduces the phonetic system of Jianli dialect,which has 18 consonants,37 vowels and 6 tones.It also analyzes features of Jianli dialect,corresponding relations between ancient and modern consonants,vowels and tones.The second chapter makes textual criticisms and explanations on 26 archaisms of Jianli dialect.These words rarely occur in the surrounding dialects.The third chapter categorizes 104 archaic words of Jianli dialect according to their meanings and generally introduces the meanings of words and the part of speech.These words contain various types like astronomical geography,farming,animal and plants,house appliances,organs of the body,illness,medical,costumes,food,superstition,people,communication,daily life,action,describe word,onomatopoeia.From part of speech,the verb leads in quantity by a total of 65.The fourth chapter analyzes and arranges these 104 archaic words of Jianli dialect from the historical level and divides these words into ancient,medieval and modern time Chinese.Each level has more detailed division.The words in ancient time are the most,accounting for 54.9%,followed by the medieval and modern time archaisms,which account for 34.6% and 10.5%.This shows the high degree of the reduction of archaisms in Jianli dialect and many words are directly inherited from the ancient chinese.The conclusion part takes Jianli dialect and its neighboring like southwest mandarin,Gan dialect and Xiang dialect into comparison and finds that Jianli and itssurrounding dialects have a great many of common archaisms,which shows that Jianli dialect is closely related to surrounding dialects,especially Xiang dialect and southwest mandarin,from the point of vocabulary.It aslo indicats that though speech features close to the Gan dialect,the words of Jianli dialect have much features in common with the surrounding dialects(Hunan dialect and Southwest Mandarin),which further confirms the complexity of Jianli dialect.