Study On The Existential Sentence And Existence Structure In Er Pai

Existential sentence of Chinese is a kind of sentences with early generation time,high using frequency and distinct feature.However,the study of existential sentence has been dependency of other studies for a long time.The early independent study of existential sentence in China,which was be restricted to synchronic level,was started in 1980s.The diachronic study of existential sentence was much later."Er Pai" refers to Pai'an Jingqi and Erke Pai'an Jingqi,which was created originally by Ling Mengchu.They are all script for telling-story novel sets.There are almost no "generation after generation" articles,as a result,the linguistic style of "Er Par" is more uniform.Moreover,the completion time of "Er Pai" is specific,it is relatively persuasive corpus in reflecting the language development situation of a certain period.As early as the beginning of "Er Pai"regarded as independent study object,the classification problem has already been paid great attention by researchers.The presence or absence of intermediary verb and its features are the most conspicuous difference between different existential sentences,most scholars regards it as the key point of classification of existential sentence.In this paper,we draw lessons from available experiences,classify the existential sentences in "Er Pai" according to the standard combining form and meaning.We expect that the standard can cover all the types of existential sentences in "Er Pai"as far as possible.Moreover,we give more emphasis on detailed description of all types.Existential sentence was used to describe existence or existential state,which usually carry with affirmative mood,such as description,narration and judgement.However,there are many existential sentences with negative mood or interrogative mood in the actual utilization of the language.The negative form of existential sentences with“?”is most complicated and plentiful in all the existential sentences.As previously mentioned,existential sentence describe existence or existential state,so most existential sentences are declarative sentence.Expect for declarative sentences,existential sentences with interrogative mood are also common.Existential sentence can be divided into genuine question sentence and false question sentence according to the nature of question.In the dynamic statement,there are also ellipsis and displacement of existential sentence.Ellipsis sentences are embodiment of economy principle of language.Sometimes they also used to avoid repeating.Displacement sentences are used to pursue various expressive effect.Both ellipsis sentences and displacement sentences are the temporary change of some sentence pattern,which embodies variety and flexibility of language.Existence structure,which can't be converted into an independent clause and act as some kind of syntactic component,is also common in "Er Pai".Existence structure can act as all of the main syntactic component.The most common syntactic function is acting as object,the following are predicate,subject,attribute,adverbial and complement successively.Overall,the types of existential sentence in "Er Pai" are close to complete.Except experiential aspect existential sentence with“V ?”all the main types of existential sentence in modern Chinese can be found in "Er Pai".The study of existential sentence in "Er Pai" conducive to enrich the achievement of special books study and provide materials for the diachronic study of existential sentence.It also can rich evidence for the formation age judgement of the same period literary works,which can enrich relevant conclusions.