Rural Life Education And Local Autonomy

Since the 1920 s,the decline of rural society caused the attention of the intelligentsia and the government.A rural revival movement is in full swing.As the first college to cultivate talents in China,the Jiangsu Education College has carried out a series of rural experiments in Wuxi.In 1932,the college established the mass education of the Beixia area and provided comprehensive life education for the most backward countryside in Wuxi to promote autonomy and revive nation.The Beixia's mass education proceed from improving the livelihood of the local people,then extended sideline and reformed handicraft and guided cooperation actively.It also taught people to make use of modern scientific methods to ameliorate farming and utilized loans and savings to establish close contact of trade credit and rural economy.In addition,it organized cooperation in production and consumption,and launched cooperative training to strengthen the power of rural economic organizations to help farmers' self-help and mutual assistance.As well as strengthened infrastructure construction to improve the production and living environment.In order to cultivate the people,Beixia's institution carried out social undertakings comprehensive education.Not only did it strengthen the public education self-service by little teacher system and establish many public schools to teach cultural education,but also it organized Rural improvement Conference and selected excellent leaders to cultivate their will and ability of autonomy.So that they can organize and participate in autonomy by themselves.Meanwhile,cultivated people's modern life style and improved their health conditions and changed their leisure modes,transmit modern ideas to the public,cultivate national and national ideas,guide people's beliefs and scientific awareness,and cultivate public morality of unity and integrity.What's more,it transmitted modern ideas to the people and cultivated the concept of national-state,guided the people's belief and scientific consciousness,and cultivated the public morality of unity and integrity.The Mass education of the Beixia area led by the Jiangsu Education College,integrated the external assistance and internal power of social improvement and met the people's daily needs arousing people's enthusiasm for improvement,and achieving the goal of local self-government to a large extent.Therefore,it stimulated the populace's enthusiasm to improve and achieve the goal of local autonomy to a great extent.The theory and practice of the Bexia's experiment in rural life education and local autonomy has promoted the rural improvement movement in the era of the Republic of China,which provided a useful historical reference for the construction of the new socialist countryside.