The Research Of "Courage" Morality In The Pre-Qin Confucian Thoughts

Bravery is the traditional virtue of Chinese nation.It is not only a moral norm that regulates the relationship between people and individuals,individuals and society,and even the state,but it is also a basic moral character that a gentleman must have.It is a fearless spirit that is displayed when faced with difficulties."Courage",which is one of the important virtues of Confucianism in the Pre-Qin period,contains the spirit of resolute,courageous,fearless,courageous,brave,courageous,resilience,and courageous to survive,has a profound influence on the inheritance of national spirit.The Pre-Qin Confucians had many discussions on the "courage" morality,"the Analects of Confucius" in the word "Courage" appears 16 times,"Mencius" in the word "Courage" appears 15 times,"Xunzi" mentioned in the"Courage",a total of 31 times,enough to see,The Confucianist in the Pre-Qin period paid enough attention to the "bravery".Confucius advocated "the temptation to be The courageous are free from fear",Mencius advocated "great courage" "showing no interest" and "the natural greatness of a soul-magnanimous",Xunzi distinguished "Shang Yong,Zhong Yong,Xia Yongn" All of them can reflect that the Confucian thinkers of the Pre-Qin period valued and favored the "courage" morality.However,the "courage" of the Confucianist in the Pre-Qin period was not simply fortitude and boldness but also for courage,with rich moral connotation and ethical depth.This paper is divided into three parts:The first part expounds the connotation and development history of the Confucian "brave" morality in the Pre-Qin period.This article is based on the budding and historical evolution of the concept of "Yong".It elaborates in detail the meaning of "Yong" and the relationship between the "courage" of Confucianism in the Pre-Qin Period and the virtues of "benevolence","knowledge","courtesy",and"righteousness".In close connection,it analyzes the connotation of the Confucian "brave"morality in the Pre-Qin period.By attaching equal importance to Confucius's "benevolence,knowledge,and courage",Mencius's "little bravery" "big bravery" "unmoving heart" and " the natural greatness of a soul-magnanimous" and Xunzi 's "gentlemen courage" and "Shang Yong,Zhong Yong,Xia Yong",By combing and summarizing these ideas systematically,to reveal the development of Confucian "courage" in the Pre-Qin period.The second part focuses on the characteristics and practice methods of Confucian "proud" morality in the Pre-Qin period.Through analyzing the comparison between the Confucianism with the Buddhists,Taoists,and ancient Greeks on the "courage" in the Pre-Qin period,this paper analyzes the characteristics of the "Yong" virtues of the Confucianist in the Pre-Qin period were analyzed in depth and concrete analysis was made of Confucius,Mencius,and Xunzi's practice of "courage" morality.The third part is to excavate and elucidate the modern values of the Confucian "Courage" morality in the Pre-Qin period.It is mainly based on the current status of China's social development,this paper points out the positive and practical significance of the "Yong" morality concept in today's society.It also analyzes the limitations of Confucian "courage" morality in the Pre-Qin period.