Analysis On The Structure,Development Characteristics And Related Factors Of Employment Anxiety Among Secondary Vocational School Students

With the expansion of college admission and the rise of vocational education,the number of job seekers has been increasing,“employment anxiety” can be observed among secondary vocational school students,who are facing a severe employment situation.The term refers to a kind of bad emotional state caused by inadequate self awareness,uncertainty about the future and low confidence in job hunting.Individuals with different levels of psychological flexibility in the face of employment situations display different adaptability and their achievements vary.The so-called "resilience" refers to an individual's inherent quality or ability to stimulate his potential in the face of a difficult situation,to use all resources to recover and adapt to the environment so as to attain a positive outcome or process(Zhu Sennan,2003).As an external resource,social support can help individuals alleviate the employment anxiety.Xiao Shuiyuan(1987),a domestic scholar,believes that the definition of social support has three aspects: subjective support perceived by individuals,objective support from the outside world and individual utilization of support.This study designs "A questionnaire on Employment Anxiety of Secondary Vocational Students" to understand the structure and developmental characteristics of secondary vocational school students' employment anxiety;the research data,collected from Wafangdian City,Yingkou City and Dalian Development Zone are analyzed by "Adolescent Mental Resilience Scale" and "Social support rating scale" with a consideration of psychological elasticity as the internal factor and the social support as the external factor.After all the questionnaire data were collected,the invalid questionnaires were eliminated,and then the data were analyzed by statistical methods,such as item analysis,factor analysis,variance analysis,correlation analysis and regression analysis,etc.to investigate the structure and developmental characteristics of secondary vocational students' employment anxiety,as well as the relationship between employment anxiety and psychological elasticity,social support,to provide the corresponding research data and strategies for alleviating the secondary vocational students' employment anxiety.The study arrives at the following conclusions:The "Secondary Vocational School students Employment anxiety questionnaire",generates results of considerable reliability and validity,and can be used as an effective measurement and evaluation tool of secondary vocational students' employment anxiety.Confirmatory factor analysis shows that: secondary vocational students' employment anxiety includes four factors: Self-cognition anxiety,social support anxiety,employment situation anxiety and self-esteem anxiety.Students' anxiety level differ significantly in terms of gender and hometown.The anxiety scores of female students are higher than that of boys;the anxiety scores of those from rural areas are higher than those from urban areas.Employment anxiety had significant negative correlation with resilience and social support;while there was a significant positive correlation between resilience and social support.Resilience plays a complete mediating role in the employment anxiety affected by social support.