| Located in the heart of the Central Plains,Sanmenxia Basin is rich in natural resources and geographical location.It is the place where political power has changed in history.The cultural heritage is profound.In particular,the process of development and evolution of prehistoric and splendid Yangshao culture is very representative.At present,a complete archaeological cultural development lineage has been established in the region.Archaeological work during the Yangshao period was also carried out.However,there are few studies on settlements in this period from both the settlement space form and the painted pottery.This paper is based on the remnants of several important settlements in the Yangshao period excavated in Sanmenxia in the past,including Didong,Xipo,Nanjiaokou and Miaodigou,combined with the spatial distribution of painted pottery production and remains in settlements,and constitutes a settlement form and social organization in the region.Conduct research to reveal the complexity of its society and the evolution of civilization.This article is divided into six chapters.The first chapter: Introduction.It mainly introduces the research scope,methods,purpose and significance of this article and the natural geographical environment of the region.It also reviews the rise and development history of Yangshao culture and settlement archaeology.The second chapter: briefly describes the development sequence of Yangshao culture in Sanmenxia Basin,including some important archaeological discoveries,cultural stages,and absolute ages in recent years.The third chapter: Select painted pottery in the middle and some early important sites in Yangshao,and use XRD,XRF,SPSS and other analytical methods to separate the individual from the single settlement,Lingbao basin and Sanmenxia basin in the south intersection.Two aspects of the composition of the test,horizontal and vertical contrast different periods,different settlements,the differences between the different color basin composition.According to the data analysis,each settlement in theSanmenxia Basin has its own pottery production and production system,and there is no system for unified production,distribution,and circulation within a larger region.The fourth chapter: Analyzing the settlements from the early to the early,middle,and late stages of Yangshao's cultural development sequence,we come to three conclusions: First,except for the early settlement movements at the end of the early period of Yangshao,other settlements The general layout position is based on the previous period;secondly,there are grouped residences in the settlements of various periods;and thirdly,the resources available for allocation at the time,such as pottery and stoneware in the settlements,are all directed towards large houses and ash.The trend of concentrated distribution of pits.The fifth chapter: This chapter is divided into two parts.The first part is based on the size of the settlement area in each period of Yangshao and the convergence of relics.The settlement is divided into three levels,and a brief analysis of the settlements at each level is made.The second part discusses in detail the development of social relations between the individual settlements and the entire basin within the basin during the various periods.It is found that in the middle and late period of the Yangshao period,not only the residents in a single settlement have group living and the resources are concentrated to a small number of people.And there are also stratified social relationships between settlements.The sixth chapter: Conclusion.This part is an overall summary and summary of the article.Through the study of traditional archeology and modern archaeology and multi-angle analysis methods,it is concluded that this time is the development of organizational form and social relations between the settlement and settlement of the inner space of settlements.In an important period,the process of civilization is still not obvious. |
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