Study On Country Governance In Lanxi Experimental Country Under Responsible Government(1933-1937)

After the establishment of the Nanjing National Government,under the influence of Sun Yat-sen's"Three Principles of the People"spirit and the concept of'government training,"the local self-government movement began to develop on a large scale throughout the country.After the second National Interior Conference,Jiangning County first set up an experimental county as a template,and Lanxi Experimental County also began to implement local autonomy in response to the Nanjing National Government's call and eventually became one of the four major experimental counties.Compared with other three experimental counties,Lanxi has its own unique features.The establishment of Chiang Kai-shek's county-selected county seat,unique geographical environment and rural economic structure,the autonomy ideology of the county magistrate Hu Zhewei and the reaction of the local people in Lanxi directly affected the results of Lanxi,s local autonomy.This article mainly examines the prefectural magistrates who were appointed by Chiang Kai-shek as Hu Xiwei from 1933 to 1937.He led the teachers and students of the Central Political School in Lanxi Experimental County to conduct a series of county-level political construction in Lanxi Experimental County.This article examines the achievements made by the government during the construction of the county government,and examines the real attitude of the Nanjing National Government to the governance and local self-government as well as its influence on the county government.The cause of construction results.The contents of county and county government reforms in Lanxi Experimental County can be summarized as follows:First,the administrative structure reforms carried out within the experimental county government mainly include the cut-off of bureaus and the planning of specific departments.These measures have directly improved the experimental county of Lanxi.The basic administrative efficiency;Second,the experimental county government carried out reforms of administrative divisions throughout the county,abolished banks,and counties and counties.At the same time,the county began to conduct household surveys based on the existing fish scale map in Lanxi County,further regulating the Grassroots management;the third is the land reform that focuses on land surveys and taxation reforms.This has improved the chaotic land structure and taxation in Lanxi County,strengthened the government's control over the grassroots land system and financial revenues,and finally,the Lanxi experiment.The county government's management of public facilities,Lanxi experimental county government based on education measures,security management,rural finance,agriculture and forestry and transportation and other aspects,thus changing the traditional local"rural governance"model,and turning to"government to self-governance"mode.In Lanxi County,after four years of reform of the local autonomous county govemment,because of the transfer of the county chief Hu Zhewei,he once again returned to the status of an ordinary county.Through a series of reforms by the teachers and students of the Central Political School,the living standards of Lanxi people have indeed been improved to some extent.This is in line with the presupposition of the Nanjing National Government.However,due to the fact that Lanxi did not fundamentally change the rural economic structure and other practical reasons,the autonomy of Lanxi County actually had little effect and eventually flowed into form.Among these,we find that the actual attitude of the Nanjing National Government towards local self-government during the period of administering the government is actually:even if it is covered with the democratic ideology of'local self-government,"the internal purpose of the Nanjing National Government is still to maintain its own authoritarian rule.It is the"change tone"of the thought of training the government,and this kind of county political construction that forcibly embeds state power into local forces eventually ended in failure.However,as an experimental county set up by the Central Government of the Kuomintang,Lanxi carried out experiments on"policy"and"system"during the four-year county government construction in accordance with the official requirements of the Kuomintang,and finally formed a unique feature during the war of resistance.The new county system has also had a great impact.