Research On The Anhui New Armies Of The New Policy During Late Qing Dynasty

After the national calamity,the Qing court had to implement the New Policy in a crucial stage of social transformation to imitate the Meiji Reform of Japan.In terms of military affairs,the Central Government has tried to train 36 new troops in the country to reorganize the military and collect the military power,so that it can finally preserve the political power in the competition between China and foreign countries.In Anhui province,the command gave a considerable degree of attention to the practice of the New Armies for political speculation or loyalty.Therefore,since the preparation,the New Armies has been given high hopes.During the process of establishing the New Armies in Anhui province,the command firstly abolished the Green Battalion to save training money and purify the military teams.After a large-scale recruitment of new dwellers,indigenous peoples filled the New Armies,through establishing the battalion system,the bureaucratic system and the salary regulations,the Anhui province gradually established a military system.Weapons and logistics are the most vulnerable parts of the New Armies' system,although the Anhui province has set up military factories to seek self-reliance,the lag in talent renewal and manufacturing capacity has made the Anhui New Armies rely on outsourcing and traditional refurbishment to improve armaments.As for the military education,the government is committed to the institutionalization of military officers' entry and promotions.Under the dual role of the trend of studying abroad and the upsurge of running schools,Anhui province has established a top-down,comprehensive-professional military education system,so that the lower and middle class of officers are enriched.After Western-style training,the quality of ordinary soldiers has been improved and the image of the old armies'“the unemployed vagrant" has been shifted.The Anhui New Armies has achieved initial success after the Deng Huaxi's Minjiang Reform,Wang Zhichun's participation in politics,and the Cheng Xun's transformation of the old armies,as well as En Ming and Feng Xu's recruitment.Although the Anhui province completed the task of Mixed Association with relatively high quality,but the political reform was slow,the superstructure was rigid,so the stratocracy could not develop soundly.At the end of the Guangxu period in Anhui province,frequent floods and financial constraints caused the construction of the New Armies to be hindered.The long-term deficits and the corruption of superior officers have led to a rather serious social crisis,which has not only dragged down the overall establishment of the Anhui New Armies,but also deepened the conflict between the officers and soldiers inside the armies.But comparing the overcautiousness of the official system reform and the economic restructuring,the Anhui New Armies with the strength to build the town already has the opportunity to deepen the modernization.On the other hand,the unprecedented concentration of revolutionary forces in Anhui province,they took a variety of ways to deepen the infiltration of the Anhui New Armies,and eventually led to the New Armies' uprising.The incident gave the revolutionaries new ideas,so the New Armies became the most important assistance of the revolutionary forces,the New Policy finally led to the Revolution of 1911.