A Study On Negotiation With Foreigners In Anhui Province In Late Qing Dynasty

The two Opium Wars changed the foreign relations in the late Qing Dynasty.In order to cope with the influence of the West,the Qing government gave the local officials the right to negotiate,and formed a system of foreign officials centering on local officials.As a result,the negotiation with foreigners in Anhui were formed.Anhui is an inland province along the river,which was later influenced by the West.After the taiping rebellion,western missionaries came to anhui.In order to deal with religious affairs easily,the newly established Anluchuhe Taotai negotiation right was granted in 1865,which was the earliest diplomatic attempt of Anhui Province.After wuhu was opened as a treaty port in 1876,anhui's foreign affairs increased sharply,Taotai of customs in Wuhu became the main official to deal with the negotiation in Anhui Province.However,Wuhu is located in the south of Anhui Province,far away from the north of Anhui Province,The governor of Anhui has successively set up Yangwu Bureau and the Negotiation Section in Anqing,they had become aides agencies of the governor of Anhui in dealing with negotiation affairs.In this way,the dual system is formed in the north and the south in Anhui,and the system of the negotiation with foreigners in Anhui is finally formed.The author divides Anhui's foreign negotiations into religious affairs,concession,railways,mine and other types,In dealing with these complex negotiation affairs,it need to follow certain procedures,and local officials in Anhui are often subject to multiple constraints.there were many helpless in dealing with the negotiation.However,the local officials of anhui continue to make efforts to safeguard the national interests,and their contributions should be affirmed.In short,with the opening of Wuhu,the modernization of Anhui's local diplomacy was accelerating.The improvement of the system and the opening of the atmosphere had become important factors to promote the modernization of anhui's diplomacy.Although there are many restrictive factors such as geographical made this change slower.But Anhui can still break through all kinds of limitations and keep up with the trend of the times,and lay the foundation for the progress of modernization of diplomacy in Anhui.