The Research Of The Fuzzy Quantity And Changes Of Measure Adjectives

Language fuzziness is not a pure linguistic problem,it is generated based on the combination of three elements of the subjective world,the objective world and the linguistic signs,and it is the result of the combined action of the three elements.Measure adjectives refer to 13 pairs of words with measure characteristics proposed by Lu Jianming in About Measure Adjectives,those are,large vs.small,long vs.short,high vs.low,wide vs.narrow,thick vs.thin,deep vs.shallow,crude vs.fine,heavy vs.light,far vs.near,fast vs.slow,early vs.late,expensive vs.cheap and many vs.few.The research of the fuzzy quantity and changes of measure adjectives is mainly based on the prototype category theory.This paper considers that measure adjectives constitute a group with family resemblance and fuzzy boundary,and the internal members of the group are divided into typical members and peripheral members.Given this,first it is identified that measure adjectives have the characteristic of spatial dimension.According to the dimension characteristic,the space of each word group can be divided into origin space,one-dimensional space,two-dimensional space,three-dimensional space and special space.As measure adjectives can express the spatial dimension,the primitive domain of the adjectives is spatial domain,and the projection change of the domain is formed through metaphor projection.The spatial domain can be projected to the time domain,the age domain,the synaesthesia domain,the color domain,the degree domain,the emotion domain,the quantity domain and the cognitive appraisal domain,thus forming the fuzzy quantity variation form of adjectives with multiple measuresThe fuzzy quantity of measure adjectives has multiple change types,including the internal form change,which is based on the basic form to get several forms of modifier plus basic form,basic form overlap and basic form plus affix.At the same time,the change types of the fuzzy quantity of measure adjectives are varied,including five types of transfer,add or subtract,change of color meaning,change of true or false,and change of strong or weak state.The change in fuzzy quantity is not casual,and there are three kinds of factors that restrict the fuzzy quantity of measure adjectives and its changes.First is the internal structural collocation of discourse,second is the pragmatic environment,and third is the social environment.The internal collocation includes different collocation structures,collocation nouns and specific collocation objects.The attributive structures and the fuzzy quantities formed by attributive structure are different.The change in nouns will result in different fuzzy quantities.Besides,specific pairs of collocation objects will cause change in the fuzzy quantity.The pragmatic environment mainly contains the imbalance of language use and the imbalance of the fuzzy quantity inside the measure adjectives,which have caused imbalance of the frequency of use in the using process,moreover,the mainly expressed emotional inclination is also imbalanced.The social environmental factors include economic factors,political factors and technological development factors,which ultimately restrict the changes in the fuzzy quantity of measure adjectives.