A Study Of The Privately Owned Industrial And Commercial Enterprises In Changchun Before Socialist Transformation(1948-1952)

After the liberation of Changchun city,to further play the positive role,the government has taken a series of measures to support and help the recovery and construction of the privately owned industrial and commercial enterprise in Changchun.Under the economic policies of new democratic period,although the privately owned industrial and commercial enterprise of Changchun has obtained primary development,it also accepted Limitation and transformation from the government in range of motion,tax policy,market price,working conditions and so on.The space of production and operation about the privately owned industrial and commercial enterprise has continuous reduced.There seems to be only one path for the privately owned industrial and commercial enterprise of Changchun city when an economic model and market system has dominated by the state,public economy and cooperative economy.Especially after the Movement against Five Evils,the social roles and psychological states of the private entrepreneurs have changed a lot.The yearning for socialist transformation is more urgent.This paper studies the privately owned industrial and commercial enterprise of Changchun city before the socialist transformation from four parts.The first part mainly discusses the current situation of the industrial and commercial industry in Changchun city,the government's industrial and commercial policy and the recovery of the privately owned industrial and commercial enterprise.And to describe the development about the privately owned industrial and commercial enterprise of Changchun city.The second part mainly discusses that under the policy of "restriction,transformation and utilization",what the government works on the privately owned industrial and commercial enterprise.This discussion is from two aspects which the support,the utilization and the restriction,the transformation.The government has supported and helped the privately owned industrial and commercial enterprise in order to play an active role.While supporting and helping,in order to meet the requirements of the new society,the government has also imposed restrictions and transformation on the privately owned industrial and commercial enterprise.The third part mainly discusses the construction and development of Changchun's public economy and cooperative economy and the shrinking about the developing space of the privately owned industrial and commercial enterprise.When the dominant position of public enterprise and cooperative economy in Changchun's economy is gradually established,the privately owned industrial and commercial enterprise are basically dependent on public enterprises and cooperative economy in production and operation.The independence of production and operation is greatly reduced.The fourth part mainly discusses the process of the Movement against Five Evils in Changchun city and the influence of the Movement against Five Evils on the privately owned industrial and commercial enterprise.As the first political movement against private entrepreneurs in the new society,The movement has changed the social role of private entrepreneurs.For the private entrepreneurs,the Enterprises become the "burden" of their own social identity.The production and operation of enterprises also face great problems.Most private entrepreneurs are waiting for the government to accept their enterprise.