The Influence Of The Information Of "Others' Children" To Self-esteem Of Middle School Students: A Mediating Mediating Model

The purpose of this study is to explore the differences between middle school students from different demographic variables and the influence of information of”Others' children”on middle school students' self-esteem through upward social comparison and optimistic adjustment.First,through interviews,coding,writing questionnaires and revisions,I got a self-designed questionnaire for the information of “Others' children”.Through distribute 1320 questionnaires to middle school students,of which 1091 were valid questionnaires.Here's the consequences:(1)On the whole,the information that most middle school students receive is "about other children",which is about academic achievement(M=3.829±1.347)and diligence degree(M=3.909±1.467).(2)In the comparison of different sex,there is no significant difference between male(M=3.03±1.045)and female(M=3.04±1.073)students in receiving the information of “Others' Children”.(3)In terms of urban and rural differences,the information of “Others' Children” received by the rural subjects(M=3.242±1.022)was significantly higher than that of the urban subjects(M=2.919±1.064).(4)on the difference of family composition,the information of "other children" received by non only child(M=3.183 + 1.047)is significantly higher than that of the only child(M=2.852 + 1.048).(5)with the increase of parents' educational background,the frequency of receiving the information of “Others' Children” has a decreasing trend.(6)in the low optimism(M-SD)subjects,the information of other children has a significant negative predictive effect on self-esteem(?=-0.1520,p<0.01).(7)in the highly optimistic(M+SD)subjects,the information of other children did not predict the self-esteem significantly(?=-0.0071,p>0.05).To sum up,optimistic for the students to receive the information of “Others' children” caused upward social comparison of protective effect on self-esteem negative influence,by enhancing the students' level of optimism,can receive this information turn to the self-esteem into motivation to go forward.