Follow The Destiny And Apply To Politics

Dong Zhongshu's political philosophy appeared in the middle of the Western Han Dynasty.He devoted himself to using the ideal political propositions of traditional Confucianism,namely kinglycraft,to find a better political governance model for the Western Han Dynasty so as to solve a series of social problems at that time.On the one hand,Dong Zhongshu's kingcraft thought is based on the historical facts of the medium phase of Western-Han dynasty,which can solve problems of the legitimacy of power,the centralization of authority,the unification of political and thoughts etc.,in order to reach a foundation for cooperation between Confucianism and the emperor.On the other hand,Dong Zhongshu put the king'^authority under the supervision of Heaven Tao.With the hierarchical system of"put the people's will under the king as well as put king's will under the Heaven Tao”,the core of the pre-Qin Confucian people's thoughts which called kindheartedness was penetrated into Heaven Tao.Due to the centralization of authority,the unification of whole state,and the power of the monarchy was growing rapidly,this is the best and possible compromise way to maintain the core of Confiucianism will not be annexed by power,the results have been achieved and the ways to realize the two efforts are the issues concerned by this article.Dong Zhongshu's kingcraft is "Integrating in the Tao of heaven and people,and participating in it",which mainly focused on the integration of heaven and humanity,so this paper is logically divided into two parts.The first is the metaphysical level,or the relationship between the kingcraft and the Tao of heaven,on the basis of the legality of authority and the execution of the monarchy.The second is the physical and specific level of the system.It can also be said to be the level of people.After these two aspects are unfolded,we will further explore the core of the thoughts behind it.This article is divided into four units.The first unit will sort out the gestating environment of Dong Zhongshu's political thoughts,and we hope to be able to outline the political discourse system of the political philosophy as much as possible.The three-dimensional and empathic way largely eliminates people's misunderstanding of the times;the second unit explains the metaphysical basis of Dong Zhongshu's thoughts on Wang Dao,which is the most transformative and innovative part of Dong Zhongshu's political philosophy construction.The ultimate basis of human monarchy and the way of restricting the mechanism have affected the traditional society for two thousand years.The third unit sorts out the metaphysical institutionalization of the king1It explains the theory of human nature or the theory of the people.On this basis,we explore the ways of governance that conform to the people's nature,including the political economy and the principles of the rule of virtue at home and abroad.The fourth unit will summarize the previous article and explore the fundamental spirit of Dong Zhongshu's thoughts.This is also the final appeal of Dong Zhongshu's constructive system of heaven and various metaphysical theories,which is an important dimension for evaluating Dong Zhongshu.