The Great Discussion Of Humanistic Spirit And The Ideological Differentiation In The 1990s

In 1993,with the deepening of the reform,the market economy was hijacked and consumerism rose,which not only affected people's lives,but also impacted the literary world in the nineties.Therefore,literature also presented a completely different face from the past.In the face of the new state of the literary world,some intellectuals are quite worried and express their inner anxiety in the form of discussion.They believe that the crux of the present literature is the lack of a kind of humanistic concern in the works,which in their words is the humanistic spirit.Intellectuals advocate that writers should infiltrate the "humanistic spirit" in their works.But,since intellectuals are concerned with reality,Different views on the situation and differences in knowledge background and position have not reached consensus on the issue of carrying forward the "humanistic spirit",and there have been divergent voices in the discussion.This is the "humanistic spirit discussion" that lasted for two years.The first chapter mainly explores the ideological connotation of humanistic spirit and the intention of humanistic spirit theorists to express themselves out of place.Starting with the criticism of Wang Shuo,Zhang Yimou,pioneer novel,new realistic novel and root-seeking novel by the proponents of humanistic spirit,this paper explores the reference system of intellectuals' evaluation of these novels.This article holds that the proponents of humanistic spirit have made an overall negative evaluation of the literary phenomenon after 1985,and this kind of evaluation is naturally unfair.But the more valuable problem is that this kind of evaluation can represent the true connotation and ideological support of humanistic spirit.Humanistic Spirit theorists' criticism of Wang Shuo's novels,It shows the worry of humanistic spirit to the malpractice of market economy,and the criticism of humanistic spirit on literature in the post-new period shows the enlightening connotation of humanistic spirit."Humanistic Spirit" came out to face the market economy of the 1990 s,so on the one hand,it inherited the enlightenment thought of the early 1980 s,on the other hand,it was also endowed with the characteristics of the times.That is,from "anti-feudalism" enlightenment thought in 1980's to "de-materialization" enlightenment thought in 1990's.In the light of the context of the times,we find that the intellectuals put forward the concept of "humanistic spirit",which is not the pursuit of "ultimate concern" in the essential sense,but the hypocrisy.A purpose full of secularity.The appearance of humanistic spirit to a large extent reflects the intellectuals' identity anxiety in the face of the new era context.The proponents of humanistic spirit hope to find the discourse of involvement in reality in the new era context with the help of the banner of humanistic spirit.The second chapter mainly shows the existence of some heterogeneous voices when humanistic spirit comes out.After the discussion of humanistic spirit began,many intellectuals took part in it,and there were also some voices of opposition.In the noise of all the voices,the most powerful voice is Wang Meng.Of course,the "humanistic spirit" in the essence will not cause Wang Meng's opposition.What worries Wang Meng is that in the "humanistic spirit" advocated by some domestic intellectuals(especially Zhang Chengzhi,Zhang Wei's radical moral idealism),The connotation of revolutionary war and planned economy times of ideal,light human desire of the theoretical resources.Wang Meng is worried that the emphasis on "spirit" is the exclusion of "material".Reprimand,the negation of the market economy.Wang Mengji's strong historical complex is full of vigilance and fear for this kind of "anti-materialization" thought.Wang Meng's worry can not but be fixed in the framework,some to play,closed the reality of the humanistic spirit unfolding.Also standing in the opposition camp with Wang Meng were Zhang Yiwu and Chen Xiaoming,then representatives of post-learning,who questioned the discourse of "humanistic spirit" in the form of discourse analysis from the standpoint of post-modernism.The intellectual truth guard's image has been shaken by the proposition that knowledge is power.After combing the views of both sides in the discussion,the third chapter interprets the core issues involved in the debate from the theoretical level.This paper argues that the focus of the dispute lies in the problem of unity / pluralism.Humanistic spirit appears in front of the public with a universal appearance.This concept itself has the tendency of unitization,which is a theoretical dilemma built into the humanistic spiritual discourse itself.The opposition's questioning of the humanistic spirit is a question of this unifying tendency.Wang Meng linked this monism to cultural authoritarianism.Because of this historical fear,he strongly rejected the humanistic spirit and yearned for the pluralistic opening of the market.The pattern.The core view of post-modernism is anti-essentialism and anti-centralism.They are full of vigilance against monism and hold that autocracy and tyranny are the main reasons for this,and they advocate the establishment of a multi-cultural environment with multiple values.How to grasp the relationship between monism and pluralism in the present cultural construction is a question worth pondering.The fourth chapter is an induction and summary of the absence and function of the discussion of humanistic spirit.In this debate,some valuable questions have been put on hold,such as the evaluation of the present context in the 1990 s.Both sides of the argument were confined to their own ideological framework and failed to discuss the issue in depth,which restricted the depth of the argument.Although the topic involved in this debate is not satisfactory in depth,but this argument is a functional existence,the debate on humanistic spirit has formed a multi-argument discourse field,we can no longer hear the "common" in the 1980 s.Name,the grand voice of the times,literature also seems to have lost the "common language",what haunts us is all kinds of "loud voices" and "South-to-North tunes." This shows the intellectual stand differentiation,but also a manifestation of multi-value.