Research On The Administration Of Central Granary In The Qing Dynasty(1658—1911)

In the fifteen years of Shunzhi(1658),for the purpose of grain storage in the eight northern provinces and the management of Jingtong warehouse,the Qing Dynasty continued the Ming Dynasty system and set up a warehouse Yamen of the Governor.The warehouses of Jingtong,under the jurisdiction of the warehouse Yamen,have the functions of supporting officials of the Beijing Normal University and eight banners to fasting,regulating and controlling the city of Jingzhimei and relieving the disaster-stricken counties.In order to ensure the normal operation of Jingtong warehouse,warehouse yamen are strictly selected,and several dispatched offices are set up according to the division of labor.Every year when the new canal arrives,the warehouse Yamen appoints officials to specialize in the management of the canal.In addition to handling the necessary items,they also have the responsibilities of dam inspection,transshipment,storage,support and relief to the people.In the system of canal administration,the warehouse yamen's power is related to canal transportation and warehousing.They have the power to co-organize the inspectors of canal transportation,and the power to write off the items on the warehouse is restricted by the household department.They are in a complex power network.However,due to the rigidity of the system caused by the passage of time and the stagnation of warehouse reform,the power of warehouse Yamen is also expanding.Finally,the malfeasance of official service becomes more and more serious,which leads to frequent warehouse cases and becomes a major scourge of Jingtong Warehouse.Although there were many rectifications in the early Qing Dynasty,they were difficult to cure the root cause,limited monitoring effectiveness,inadequate livelihood and compensatory system made the warehouse fail,and it was difficult to reverse after Jiadao until the Qing Dynasty.