The Directed Forgetting Effect Of False Memory:the Influence Of Presentation Mode And Warning

The current relationship between false memory and directed forgetting has not yet reached a definitive conclusion.Previous studies have founded that directed forgetting can reduce false memory in the free recall test,but whether directed forgetting can reduce false memory in the recognition test remains controversial.In the coding and extraction stages of false memory,it is unclear how the effect of directed forgetting on false memory.Therefore,on the basis of previous studies,this study explored the impact of the false memory of the presentation mode of coding stage and the warning of the extraction stage on the directed forgetting effect in the list-method paradigm,and explored the underlying mechanisms of this effect.This study includes three experiments.Experiment 1 conducted a 2(group: forgetting group?remember group)× 2(list: L1?L2)mixed design,40 college students were selected to induce false memory by used DRM lexicon under the paradigm of list-method directed forgetting,and to investigate whether there was a directed forgetting effect in false memory in recognition test.The results showed that there was a significant directed forgetting effect in the error recognition of key bait,which showed that the error recognition rate of key bait in the list requiring forgetting was lower than that of the list requiring memory,but there was no difference in the correct recognition of learning items.In experiment 2,40 college students were selected,DRM lexicon was presented randomly to investigate the effect of the change of presentation mode of learning items on directed forgetting effect during the coding stage of false memory.The results showed that there was a directed forgetting effect in false memory under random presentation.The error recognition rate of key bait in the list requiring forgetting was significantly lower than that of the list requiring memory.There was no directed forgetting effect in correct memory.In experiment 3,40 college students were selected,the warning variables were added before the stage of recognition test to investigate the effect of warning of the extraction stage of false memory on the directed forgetting effect.The results showed that there was no difference in the error recognition rate of the key bait in the list requiring forgetting compared with the list requiring memory,indicating that there was no directed forgetting effect in the false memory after adding the warning variable.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)There is a directed forgetting effect in false memory in recognition test under the list-method paradigm,but there is no directed forgetting effect in correct memory.(2)The directed forgetting effect in false memory is stable in the coding stage of different situations of false memory.The directed forgetting effect of false memory is found in both group presentation and random presentation.The change of presentation mode does not affect the directed forgetting effect of false memory..(3)Adding warning in the extraction stage of false memory will lead to the disappearance of the directed forgetting effect of false memory.