An Analysisis Of The Elementary Level Russian Local Chinese Learners' Errors In The Usage Of Prepositions"zai","wang","cong"

Chinese functional words,especially prepositions,are the most difficult aspect of Chinese grammar for foreigners.According to the current research,prepositions are also a difficult point for Russian Chinese learners.Research shows,during learning a foreign language,learners can learn a foreign language better by using their native language as a basis.This thesis attempts to analyze the difficulties of Russian learners learning Chinese prepositions,types of errors of“?”,“?”,and“?”,and compare subjective difficulty with objective error rate and propose avoidance methods,error teaching suggestions and countermeasures.This thesis firstly compares the structure of two language prepositions based on comparative linguistics and error analysis theory,and finds that the placement of prepositional phrases in sentences is different in the two languages.Therefore,the rules of Chinese prepositional phrases are very important for Russian learners at the primary stage in Russia.The author conducted a questionnaire survey of the prepositions"?","?",and "?"for the students of the Chinese group in International Relations at the Tomsk State University and for the students of the elementary class of the Confucius Institute at the Tomsk State University,analyzed the types and causes of errors in the elementary phase.based on their answers.The survey found that Russian students used the Chinese prepositions "?","? ",and "?"when the type of errors are:improper placement of prepositional phrases,misuse of prepositions,redundant prepositions,and omission of prepositional components.The reasons for the errors were the influence of the mother language,the impact of the target language,the influence of local teaching factors,and the influence of psychological factors.The author also concludes,that the subjective difficulty and objective error rate of these three types of errors are the same.In the bottom-line survey,students listed the following difficulties and error points for each preposition:When using the phrase“?”as an adverbial phrase,first put the predicate,then put the adverbial phrase of the“?”phrase,such as“??????"("I am studying in China");often put the preposition "?"after the place,such as"???"("Go straight");the problem of word order in the sentence,first put the predicate,then put "?" phrase,such as"???????"("Mom came back from the store").This can indicate that the most important issue in the Chinese sentence structure is the order.Finally,this article puts forward teaching suggestions and countermeasures for this issue from a new perspective,including the attention should be paid to the position of preposition in short sentences,the usage of synonyms prepositions and the combination of prepositions and position words.