A Report On The Translation Of Children,Nature And Cities: Rethinking The Connections(Chapter 3)

This is a report on the translation of the third chapter of Children,Nature and Cities: Rethinking the Connections,which tells people what child-nature is and analyzes the available nature from different perspectives such as habitats,species and environments to identify how children in cities can connect with nature.As urbanization has gained a momentum in China and people's awareness of ecological protection has been improving,the translation is of critical importance to policy makers,urban designers,ecologists and parents in China.This report consists of five chapters.Chapter 1 is an introduction to the background,structure and significance of the translation report.Chapter 2 gives an analysis of the original text,including the author,the content of the original text,the text type and the linguistic characteristics of the source text.According to Katharina Reiss' s text typology,the original text can be regarded as an informative one.The text type and the linguistic characteristics of the source text are also analyzed in this chapter.Chapter 3 centers on the guiding principle and its application in this report.Guided by Eugene A.Nida's functional equivalence theory and combining the linguistic features of the original text,the translator focuses on both lexical and syntactic equivalence in translation.Chapter 4 tells the main difficulties encountered in translation process and the corresponding solutions with examples.The translator mainly focuses on the equivalence both at lexical level and at syntactic level where translation difficulties emerge,including the translation of preposition,polysemy,long sentences and passive voice.To tackle with such problems,conversion and extension are used as to problems at the lexical level;division and voice conversion are applied as to obstacles at the syntactic level.Finally,lessons learned and remaining problems are concluded in chapter 5.