From Abstract Person To "Realistic Individual"

Human is the theme that Marx has been paying attention to all his life.Its logical starting point is human essence,which is closely related to the previous studies,especially the exploration of human nature theory by German classical anthropology.It has exerted great influence on the formation and development of Marx's human nature theory.From Marx's perspective,he believed that the man understood by German classical anthropology was essentially an abstract man divorced from social practice.Standing at the height of historical materialism,he emphasized that the nature of man is the sum of all social relations in reality based on the people in social life and their practical activities.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the transcendence of Marx's theory of human nature over German classical anthropology,clarify the relationship between them,and figure out how Marx complete the criticism and transcendence of German classical anthropology based on the "real individual".The theoretical and practical value of this great transcendence is also deeply excavated in this paper.The research ideas of this paper are as follows: Firstly,it expounds the theory of human thought in German classical anthropology,and summarizes the basic viewpoints and main characteristics of abstract human.Then,the author deeply explores on what level Marx's theory of human nature has realized the revolutionary change of abstract human in German classical anthropology,focusing on the theoretical basis and three concrete manifestations of the transcendence,aiming at having a complete and accurate understanding of Marx's theory of human nature.Finally,on the basis of the overall grasp of Marx's theory of human nature,the author tries to excavate the transcendental value of Marx's theory of human nature over German classical anthropology.In a word,Marx's theory of human nature has fundamentally transcended German classical anthropology and truly reached a scientific understanding of human nature.The formation of Marx's theory of human nature has a history of more than one hundred years,and the development of today's society is different from that of the times in which Marx lived.However,as a scientific truth,Marx's theory of human nature could keep pace with the times and still have extremely important practical value in the contemporary era.