Archaeological Study On The Unearthed Background Of Bronze Yong-bells In Western Zhou Dynasty

This article mainly researches the burial and use of bronze yong-bells in the Western Zhou Dynasty from the unearthed background.The first chapter is the introduction.The research objective,research status and research methods of this article are described.The main research methods include statistical methods,inductive methods,comparative methods,situational analysis methods and hierarchical research methods.The second chapter is the research of discovery.Statistically,there were 164 groups of 413 bronze yong-bells in the Western Zhou Dynasty.Among them,30.5% came from tombs,38.5% from cellars,22.0%unearthed in pieces and 9.0% from handed down works.The frequency of bronze yong-bells was 18.9%,21.3%,45.7% and 14.0%,respectively.According to the analysis,Guanzhong and the southern Shanxi are the main land-producing areas in the Central Plains,and the complete sets of yong-bells for tomb burial and cellar burial are the main ones.In the South,the border area between Hubei,Hunan and Jiangxi is the main land-producing area,with a small number of pieces unearthed without chimes.The third chapter is about the unearthed background.The first section is the study of tombs.According to the statistics,there are 126 pieces of 31 groups of bronze Yong-bells unearthed in the tombs of the Western Zhou Dynasty,the most unearthed in southern Shanxi,the second in Guanzhong,and the fewer unearthed in other areas.51.6% of the tomb owners were nobles with more than 3 tripods,48.4% were monarchs or Fangbo,and 6.5% were monarchs or Fangbo's wifes.Ninety percent of the tomb owners were male,and the only two female tombs were the tombs of the monarch or Fangbo's wifes.The earliest bronze yong-bells was buried in the noble tomb with the surname of Non-Ji.In the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty,the main people buried with the yong-bells gradually became the Zhou people with the surname of Ji.Most yong-bells in the Western Zhou Dynasty were buried alone,but only in the late period did the funeral combination consist of chime stones and chime small bells.Except for the tomb of Zeng Hou-kang in the Zhaowang period,no bo-bells were unearthed.The burial place is mainly between the outer coffins and inner coffins at the head,which is basically the same as other bronze ceremonial vessels.The second section is the study of cellar storage.According to the statistics,159 pieces of 35 groups of bronze yong-bells were unearthed in the cellars of the Western Zhou Dynasty.82.4% of the total yong-bells and 77.1% of the total frequency were unearthed in Guanzhong.A small amount of them were unearthed in Hubei area,and sporadic unearthed in other areas,which were not found in southern Shanxi Province.Most of the cellars inGuanzhong were buried in the late Western Zhou Dynasty and earlier in other areas.The identity of the owner of the cellars in Guanzhong is mostly the aristocrat with or without Ji's surname,but it is not clear in other areas.The scale of cellar storage varies greatly,and the number of buried bells varies greatly.It is often not strict in a complete set.The maximum number is more than three sets,and there is a phenomenon of overstepping.Since the mid-Western Zhou Dynasty,the combination of yong-bells and bo-bells has been unearthed,but the number is still small.The fourth chapter is the conclusion,which makes a comprehensive comparative analysis and Discussion on the unearthed background of bronze yong-bells from different sources in the Western Zhou Dynasty.