The Study Of Fu And The "Fuhua" Of Essay In Northern Dynasties

The fu of Northern Dynasties is a significant part in the history of Chinese fu and the development of Chinese literature.Though very few fu were preserved due to wars and other factors,we can’t neglect the value.This article will start with the source material,start the creation of fu in the Northern Dynasties.At the same time,the writer will analyze its style characteristics and trace its literary tradition.As the soil for the development of Northern Dynasties’ literature,the environment of Northern Dynasties’ literature is also a focus of this paper.Form the view of the environment,this paper will explore the important position of fu and the inevitability of fuhua(a phenomenon that the phrases of essays present the similar characteristic with fu).The full text consists of three parts:The first chapter,this chapter plants to explore the style characteristics and trace the literary tradition of the fu in Northern Dynasties.Defining the concept and scope of the fu of Northern Dynasties is the first step.On the one hand,fu is not only the work which named after the “fu”,but also the work with the characteristics of fu.On the other hand,more than a historical concept,Northern Dynasties should include the Sixteen States Period of literary history.As a result,the time horizon of the study last from the Sixteen States Period to Sui Dynasty.Then,this paper investigate the situation of fu in Northern Dynasties concretely and divide the development of fu in Northern Dynasties into three stages: the first stage was from the Sixteen States Period to the early Northern Wei Dynasty,the second stage was the middle and late Northern Wei Dynasty,the third stage was Eastern Wei Dynasty,Northern Qi Dynasty,Western Wei Dynasty and Northern Zhou Dynasty to Sui Dynasty.The essay will carry on the investigation from the aspects of subject matter,the creation tendency and the language style and so on,to understand its style and its literary tradition.The second chapter is the environment of the literature of the NorthernDynasties.Literature’s surroundings is an important factor in the generation and development of literature in a dynasty and a place.As the soil for the development of the Northern Dynasties literature,it shapes the vicissitude,style,characteristics and even the trend of literature development.This paper will study the literature’s surroundings of the Northern Dynasties from the angle of the political background,social causes,academic thoughts and the psychology of intellectual.And explore the status of fu in the literary form of the Northern Dynasties on this basis.Although the works we can read are sparse,it can be concluded that the creation of fu is flourishing at that time according to the history.Fu really occupied a high position in the literary form in a manner of speaking.Besides,as a literary form which closely correlated with ritual,it’s vicissitude greatly depends on the degree of attention that country paid to.In fact,in order to establish and consolidate it’s legitimacy,the rulers took a lot of measures about ritual to set up a reasonable system.Due to the appreciation of ritual,fu was valued at that time.The third chapter is the “fuhua” of essay in Northern Dynasties.Various literary forms learn from and intermingle with each other,and they display a new vitality by this way.The “fuhua” of essay this text talk about is a phenomenon that essay showed the similar feature with fu under the influence of fu.What’s more,the “Fuhua” of essay in Northern Dynasties is the approval about the values and ideas first,which can be called the “Fuhua”of concept.Secondly,the essay shows the similar artistic characteristics with fu,which behaves principally in sentence structure.This appears to be a function of the gorgeous trend then.On a deeper level,it was the difference in idea between the Southern Dynasties and the Northern Dynasties,which is an important point that cannot be ignored.