A Study On The Restructuring Of Private Huachung College In The Early Years Of New China (1949-1953)

It was imperative to carry out a new democratic reform of higher education after the New China was founded.The church university was considered to be a tool for"imperialistic cultural aggression".Therefore it was listed as the primary takeover and transformation object.At that time,private Huachung College was one of the thirteen Christian church universities in mainland China.After the liberation of Wuhan,the new regime took over the takeover and carried out initial transformation in Huachung College.At first,the university got the right to decide on the school issues which were held by the foreigners before.After the outbreak of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea,Huachung College,as a church university closely connected with the US imperialism,once again faced reforms.Like other church universities,Huachung College was asked to develop by itself under the leadership of government.It turned into a public university.Huachung College was also assumed the task to cultivate high-qualified teachers in the Central South region and then it was transformed into a teacher-class college.The intensive reforms have made this church university disappear in the national adjustment of the department.The reform of private Huachung College,strictly in accordance with the political situation at home and abroad,has gone through the periods of public,adjustment,and teacher reform with the reform of administration and curriculum,and the disappearance of campus tradition.The church university was founded at the beginning of missionary teaching,but in the process of its localization and secularization of Christ,it is gradually served for the development of education,culture,medicine,science and technology fields in China.Under the influences of the "one-sided" policy of the new China,and the excessive emphasis on the accomplishments of studying the Soviet Union,the Chinese government has taken radical measures to the church universities,and given irrational definitions to the church university and its faculty members.Due to the lack of long-term development plan and measures,it made China's higher education develop slowly.Moreover,it hindered social development in the end.The private Huachung College and other church universities have been measured in the political context and handled in a one-size-fits-all manner.This has brought profound impact on Chinese higher education.It is worthwhile to learn the experience and lessons in this period for scholars nowadays.