Study On The Nationalization Of Yunnan University(1937-1946)

After the July 7 incident in 1937,North China fell successively,and the educational situation of the whole country changed.After Chen Lifu took office as the minister of education in 1938,he promoted the nationalization movement of wartime colleges and universities to gain control over them.Yunnan University was one of the first batch of universities to complete the provincial reform in wartime.Due to the lack of school funding,as early as 1935,He Yao,the President of the provincial Yunnan University,proposed to change the state.In 1937,He Yao left office because of the student unrest,and the new President Xiong Qinglai urged the provincial government to make Yunnan University nationalized.Yunnan provincial government chairman Long Yun also actively applied to the national government for the provincial cloud system reform.In August 1938,Yunnan University was changed into national Yunnan University and became a national university.The national Yunnan University developed rapidly during the war by taking advantage of the westward movement of the Anti-Japanese War colleges,students and professors.Under the auspices of the President Xiong Qinglai,by recruiting teachers,adding departments,strictly managing students and other measures,based on the characteristics of Yunnan province,carried out the academic research of ethnic investigation,mining and metallurgy experiment,grain experiment and so on,which not only improved the academic level of national Yunnan University,but also made contributions to the construction of the rear area after the Anti-Japanese War.National Yunnan University also gradually developed into worthy of the name of national university in this process.With the end of the war of resistance against Japanese aggression and the rise of the civil war,the student movement in China became increasingly vigorous.The "One-Two-One" movement and the "Li-Wen Massacre" in Kunming aroused the political enthusiasm of students in Kunming,which set off the post-war Kunming student movement and strengthened the centrifugal force between the national cloud university students and the national government.The nationalization of Yunnan University is closely related to the relationship between the local government in Yunnan and the central government and the change of the current situation of the whole country.Being far away from the central government,most of Yunnan was in a semi-independent position before the outbreak of full-scale Anti-Japanese War.It was difficult for the central government of the national government to get involved.It is in this situation,led by the local to the central application for the nationalization of Yunnan University.Due to the special situation of the war of resistance against Japanese aggression and against the background of the whole nation's war of resistance against Japanese aggression,the local govennments of Yunnan still got along well with the national government despite the discord,so the nationalization of Yunnan University was very smooth during the war.Compared with Sichuan University and Shanxi University,whose conflicts among the local government,the central government and the university were intensified because of nationalization,the nationalization of Yunnan University can be said to be a more harmonious note in the tide of nationalization of colleges and universities in China at that time.However,with the end of the war of resistance against Japanese aggression,the relationship between the central govennment and the local government of Yuxman province declined,and the domestic political situation was unstable.