| In the history of Chinese philosophy,the idea of discouragement has a long history and is extremely important.Zhang Zai's discouraged thought plays an important role in his philosophical system and can be said to run through his entire philosophical system.Faced with the shortcomings of "Knowing people without knowing the heavens,seeking for the wise and not seeking the saints" in Confucianism since the Han and Tang Dynasties,Zhang Zai consciously greeted the challenge and attacked the old man and wrote a book.Zhang Zai began by analyzing the relationship between "Taixu" and "qi",and creatively constructed a two-layer cosmological philosophy of Taixu Ontology and Cosmogenesis.This transcends the cosmology since the Han and Tang Dynasties,establishes the ontological ontology,and clears the obstacles for the development of the Neo-Confucianism.On this basis,Zhang Zai constructed his own theory of human nature and believed that there is "the nature of heaven and earth" and "the nature of temperament" in real human nature."Sexuality of the heavens and the earth" refers to the pure and good and evil nature rooted in the body of Taixu,which is also the nature of human beings;"the nature of temperament" is the qi character obtained in the process of human beings being suffocated.There are good and evil.Zhang Zai's theory of human nature not only affirms the goodness of human nature,but also points to the source of evil in real human nature.At the same time,Zhang Zai also pointed out that the "temperament of sex" after the suffocation of human beings can be changed through the cultivation of the day after tomorrow,that is,changing the temperament and making the opposite.In other words,people can "learn to be sanctified" through the efforts of the day after tomorrow.In this regard,Zhang Zai put forward two paths of mutual self-inheritance and self-invention for "self-sincereness" and "self-defense",which changed the temperament for people,and thus pointed out the direction of progress. |
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