| Qiwen of Zhijian refers to the inspiration presented when carrying gifts to meet the elders.It is a kind of trick of Qiwen in Song Dynasty,and it is also the product of the influence of Zhijian ritual.When Qiwen developed to Song Dynasty,it became a common type of letters used by scholars,and began to appear detailed classification in books of Song Dynasty.Qiwen of Zhijian also appears in these classifications,and Qiwen of Zhijian is different from other Qiwen classifications because of its close relationship with Zhijian ritual.As a kind of meeting etiquette,Zhijian ritual refers to carrying gifts to meet the elders.At the beginning,the gifts were jade silk,wild goose,etc.In Tang and Song Dynasties,influenced by imperial examination system,Xing Juan,recommendation and so on,literary works were brought to visit.Poetry,letters,Qiwen,Fu,and even Romance can all be regarded as Zhiwen,among which only Qiwen occupies a place in the stylistic classification.Sixty-three Qiwen of Zhijian articles were collected from the anthology of“Quan Song Wen” and anthology of song scholars,and most of Zhijian persons were the authors of Qiwen.They can be divided into two kinds of status: official position and no official position.Generally speaking,the two sides have some connections in official career,geographic or academic background.Many etiquettes used in meeting each other are recorded in the Qiwen.The behavior of Zhijian takes place in the geographic space where both sides are located at the same time.It can be divided into Planned and temporary.It can be seen from the content that in addition to following the etiquette of visiting the elders,the guests are more likely to meet for personal demands such as visiting teachers for study,seeking recommendation,getting praise and using attachments.Some of the hosts will also interact with the guests with literary works.From the documentary records,we can see that some of the inquiries have received good feedback,such as the recommendation of the host,extension of reputation,financial assistance,and even marriage,teacher-student relationship and so on.This kind of Qiwen takes the parallelism as the main form,and there are only one article of essays’ style.Parallel Qiwen of Zhijian with fixed writing format.The text usually consists of four parts: breaking the topic,narrating oneself,eulogizing virtue and expressing ideas.Frequently used allusions expressing seeking visits,learning,recommendation,dependence,etc. |
