A Study On The Protest Of The Overseas Chinese In The Philippines Against The Western Bookkeeping Case In The 1920s And Its Impact

The contacts between the Chinese and Filipino peoples have a long history.The migration of overseas Chinese to the Philippines can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty.The arrival of overseas Chinese contributed to the economic and social development of the Philippines in varying degrees.However,with the increase in the number of overseas Chinese migrating to the Philippines and the economic development of overseas Chinese,since the period of Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines,overseas Chinese have been subjected to various unequal treatment,such as economic exploitation and immigration restrictions.With the growth of overseas Chinese's economic strength and the enhancement of their national consciousness,overseas Chinese have continuously fought against the unreasonable and unequal overseas Chinese policies of the Philippine government.Among them,the struggle of overseas Chinese in the Philippines against the Western Bookkeeping Case in the 1920 s is a typical example of the struggle of overseas Chinese in the Philippines.This paper intends to make a thorough discussion on the background,process,cause and influence of this struggle.In addition to the introduction,this paper has the following five chapters:Chapter one discusses the history of Chinese immigrants to the Philippines from a historical point of view,and briefly analyses the historical contributions of overseas Chinese to the Philippines.On this basis,it summarizes the social development of overseas Chinese in the Philippines during the period under the rule of the America,especially before the introduction of the Western Bookkeeping Case in 1921.Chapter two,based on the analysis of background of the Western Bookkeeping Case of 1921 in the Philippines,focuses on the main contents of the Western Bookkeeping Case of 1921 and its differences from the previous bookkeeping cases.It also explores the attitudes and reactions of various circles at home and abroad to the Western Bookkeeping Case of 1921 after the enactment of the Case,focusing on the position of the overseas Chinese community in the Philippines.Chapter three mainly introduces the struggle process of overseas Chinese in Philippines against the Western Bookkeeping Case of 1921(1921-1926).This paper summarizes and analyses the general situation of the stage of the overseas Chinese struggle in the Philippines,this paper focuses on the ways of the overseas Chinese in the Philippines to fight,and analyses the results of the struggle.Chapter four analyzes the reasons why the overseas Chinese in the Philippines fought against the Western Bookkeeping Case of 1921.Due to the threat posed by the case to the overseas Chinese business in the Philippines,the unfairness of the case and the violation of the legitimate rights of overseas Chinese in the Philippines and the damage of the dignity of the Chinese nation,it has become inevitable for the overseas Chinese in the Philippines to fight against the case.Chapter five summarizes the impact of overseas Chinese in the Philippines on the struggle against the Western Bookkeeping Case of 1921.The struggle of overseas Chinese in the Philippines has had an important impact on the social life of overseas Chinese in the Philippines,the economic activities of overseas Chinese in the Philippines,and the relations among overseas Chinese and colonists and Filipinos.