A Subjective And Teaching Study On The Format Of "?+M+?+N+VP"

Based on the subjectivity and subjective quantity of language,this thesis describes and analyzes the subjectivity of "?+M+ba+N+VP" format.On the basis of the facts of Chinese language,we investigate the components that can enter the format,and make a detailed description and analysis of the syntactic and semantic relations and pragmatic functions of the format as a whole.In the end,this thesis makes a comprehensive investigation and analysis of the errors in Tibetan students' acquisition of this format,and gives preliminary teaching steps and suggestions,so as to make a beneficial supplement for teaching Chinese as a foreign language.The Measure word is one of the most dynamic in the verb classifier,it's very open in the format,one of the ways in which it has expanded is that the agent has developed its broad instrumentality,that is,do not use the original function of the measure word,only select the function of its attack others.The measure word can also be used to increase their capacity by developing hyponym and modifying extensions,the hyponym differ only in appearance from the basic category nouns,while there is no difference in appearance between the extended noun by modification and the basic category noun,only the difference in action strength,in addition,the measure word of tools can expand their capacity in the above two ways,while the measure word of organs can only expand their capacity by adding modifiers.The subjectivity of the format is represented by its components.First of all,the object in the format reflects the speaker's subjective empathy,therefore,the objects are mostly nominal words with high life degree in form,the description of object reflects the speaker's emotional tendency;Secondly,the subjectivity of the "ba" is reflected in two aspects: one is that when the agent destroys my favorite things,the subjectivity is mainly reflected in the speaker's accountability for the agent and his sympathy for the victim,the second situation is when the patient is someone or something that has nothing to do with me,when the disposal results are in line with the reality,objectivity is strong,when the disposal results are inconsistent with the reality,subjectivity is mainly reflected in the speaker's subjective will.The subjectivity of the format is reflected by its overall pragmatic effect.There is a quantitative asymmetry between " ? +M" and "ba+N+VP",the latter is a rather difficult action event with great dynamic intensity,while the former reflects the smallest frequency of action,this mismatch between the minimum movementfrequency and the more difficult movement produces exaggerated pragmatic effects.The larger the mismatch contrast,the stronger the exaggerated pragmatic effect.In addition,tenses also affect the implementation of hyperbole,the sentences in the imperfect tense show the strong willingness of the agent rather than the dynamic reality,therefore,the exaggeration degree is relatively high,while sentences in the perfect tense shows the dynamic reality and strong objectivity of the agent.Subjective expression is often the result of the combination of different categories,in the conversational style,when the speaker states the events related to himself,his performance is more subjective,elements that reflect the speaker's emotion,attitude and judgment of the event can also enhance the degree of subjectivity,in addition,the superposition of different types of "subjunctive conditional sentences" and negative structures not only reflects the strong threat and warning tone of the speaker,but also gradually integrates into a fixed expression with strong subjectivity due to its frequent co-occurrence in daily conversation.When Tibetan students acquire this format,there are grammatical and pragmatic errors,but students are more stubborn in their grammatical errors,which are hampered by the negative transfer of their mother language and the lack of grammar knowledge reserve.Pragmatic errors highlight the students' lack of textual awareness and their perception of pragmatic effects is more dependent on context.In the face of disposing "ba" sentences,students tend to choose the avoidance strategy,and because of the negative transfer of their mother tongue and prone to "ba" word or "ba" after the object of the incomplete.At the pragmatic level,students can accurately identify the emotional types expressed by the format,but they are not familiar with the pragmatic functions of the format,and they lack the ability to capture and extract the context details of the format.In the second language teaching,teachers need to arrange teaching sequence reasonably,consolidate the grammar and pragmatic teaching related to format,and strengthen students' discourse awareness through sentence pattern comparison.