An E-C Translation Report On Indicators For Monitoring Undergraduate STEM Education(PP.72-128)

STEM is the abbreviation of the English initials of science,technology,engineering and mathematics.Science is to understand the world and explain the objective laws of nature.Technology and Engineering are changing the world based on the rules of nature,realizing the control and utilization of the natural world,and solving the problems encountered in the process of social development.Mathematics is the basic tool of the discipline of technology and engineering.At present,given that global competition is dominated by science and technology innovation,undergraduate STEM education determines a country's core competitiveness.Thus,countries across the world have attached greater importance to undergraduate STEM education.Compared with such developed countries as the United States,undergraduate STEM education in China is in its stage of infancy,lacking relevant information and accurate experimental data.Therefore,it is of great urgency and importance to translate materials of undergraduate STEM education in western countries.The book Indicators for Monitoring Undergraduate STEM Education published by the National Academic Press(US)in 2018,mainly introduces that Committee on Developing Indicators for Undergraduate STEM Education(US)has developed a series of indicators to monitor undergraduate STEM education,and conducted in-depth discussions around relevant indicators to implement undergraduate STEM education and achieve the goals.It is of great benefit to our understanding and learning of undergraduate STEM education in the United States.This article is a translation report on English-Chinese translation.The source text is taken from the third and fourth chapters of the book.The third chapter introduces that the committee develops a series of indicators to monitor undergraduate STEM education in order to improve students'mastery of STEM concepts and skills.The fourth chapter focuses on how to achieve fair,diverse and inclusive undergraduate STEM education with the help of indicators.This translation report is mainly divided into five parts:Part One introduces the background,purpose and significance of the translation project.Part Two mainly introduces the authors and the main content of the source text,and gives an analysis of the linguistic and structural features of the source text.Part Three is the description of translation process,including pre-translation,while-translation and proofreading.Part Four is the analysis of difficulties,such as terminologies,long and complicated sentences,and passive voice,and translation techniques.The translator employs Hans Vermeer's skopos theory to guide her translation practice and combines appropriate translation techniques such as amplification,division and conversion to solve problems in translation.Part Five lists not only the findings of the translation project,but also problems to be solved,and summarizes the experience and implications in this translation practice.The translator has gained a lot of experience from the practice.Firstly,it is of great importance to get well prepared before translation,including comprehending the background,analyzing the linguistic and structural features of the source text.Moreover,it is significant to read relevant parallel texts before translation to obtain a thorough understanding of the source text.What's more,there is every need to mark the difficulties in the translation process,such as terminologies and long and complex sentences,to make it easier to review and think about how to translate.Furthermore,it is necessary to choose appropriate translation theory according to the type of source text,which can provide reference and help for translation.In addition,it is fruitful to combine some translation techniques to solve various problems in translation under the guidance of translation theory.At the same time,the following research results were also obtained.To begin with,the translator has completed the translation project and formed a translation with certain credibility,which can provide research materials for researchers in STEM and universities.Moreover,the translation report can lay a solid foundation for their future translation and provide some reference for other translators.