Research On The Classification Of Compound Characters In Shuowen Jiezi

On the rules of classification of the compound characters,It is not explicitly given in Shuowen Jiezi.Academic circles also do not have a unified standard for this.The existing theory of classification: “meaning depending on pictograph components” and the mode analysis of the characters of Huiyi,their research methods focus on the relationship between the word itself and its meaning.The returning part regulation based on this method can not solve the problem of returning part,nor is it the rules of classification of the compound characters.However,Liu zhonghua's many research achievements on the classification provide a new idea and method for discussing the homing part of the compound characters,that is,from the perspective of the relationship between words to study the homing problem.Taking 288 compound characters as the research object,this paper focuses on the relationship between characters(including radical characters and intramural characters)and explores the rule of their homing.The research shows that the principle of selecting the morpheme to belong to the department of the compound characters is to follow the rule of “arranging characters by meaning”.Therefore,the method and thought of studying the reason of the combination ideographic word's part return should focus on the relation between the word and the word,rather than the term and the word meaningThe article is divided into three parts.The introduction mainly introduces the background of the research,research status,and determines the research object of the article.The first chapter is about the theory of homing of compound characters.This chapter is divided into two parts.The first section mainly analyzes the problems existing in the theory of “meaning depending on pictograph components”,and the mode analysis of the characters of Huiyi.It is pointed out that the most fundamental reason for their unconformity is that both of them focus on the relationship between the radical and the meaning of a word,and only look for the reason of returning to the part from the inside of a word.The second section starts with the radical system and the arrangement style of Shuowen.The radical system and the arrangement style of Shuowen restrict the classification of the compound characters.The radical system requires that the compound characters are all grouped into 540 radical.The arrangement of compound characters requires that a word and a group of words arranged together have the same character or relationship of meaning,take the common morpheme to the part.The arrangement of characters in the ministry focuses on the relationship between characters,The theory of “meaning depending on pictograph components”,and the mode analysis of the characters of Huiyi are contrary to the arrangement of discourse.Therefore,the method and thought of studying the reason of the combination of compound words should focus on the relation between the word and the word,rather than the morphemes and the word meaning.In the second chapter,288 compound characters are studied by this method.Firstly,the 288 words are divided into three categories.In the first class,both of morphemes are radical;In the second class,only one is a radical;In the third class,only one of the morphemes is a word component.Then,these words are subject to regression analysis.The compound characters has the same or close relationship with the word meaning of a group of word synonyms arranged together in the homologous part,this conforms to the principle of “arranging characters by meaning”.There are special reasons why the reversion of individual words does not embody this principle.Finally,it is concluded that the basic principle of classification of compound characters is the principle of “arranging characters by meaning”.