A Study Of Zhao Lisheng's Peasant Wars

At the beginning of the founding of new China,the construction of new historiography in China is imminent.Historians began to transform historiography under the guidance of Marxist historical materialism.Among them,the study of the history of the peasant war,which is dominated by the theory of class struggle,has become a hot topic,which has aroused widespread concern and discussion in the academic circles.Later,with the reform and opening up,it has gradually turned cold,obviously affected by the political climate change.Zhao Lisheng,as the first group of followers of Marxism,with sharp academic vision,excellent theoretical literacy and solid historical background,actively engaged in the study of the history of peasant war,and became the pioneer and founder of the study of the history of peasant war.He not only took the lead in setting up a special course on the history of peasant war in Shandong University,but also published the first monograph The History of Peasant War in New China.On the basis of sorting out and explaining the important peasant wars in ancient China,he also explored a series of theoretical problems of peasant wars,which made outstanding contributions to the study of the history of peasant wars in China,and its position cannot be ignored.It is no accident that Zhao Lisheng can achieve such a result,but the result of the interaction between social background and personal efforts.Based on the position that Zhao Lisheng is the pioneer of the study of the history of peasant war,this paper discusses the reason why Zhao Lisheng studies the history of peasant war and his understanding of the study of the history of peasant war,emphasizes the uniqueness and influence of Zhao Lisheng's understanding of the theoretical issues of the history of peasant war,and explains the influence of the changes of times and political climate on the research direction and historical understanding of historians.The article consists of four parts.The first chapter is a detailed review of Zhao Lisheng's growth experience and academic background.Through Zhao Lisheng's learning and practice of Marxism,the first chapter analyzes the subjective factors that Zhao Lisheng,as the main body of knowledge,chose the direction of the history of peasant war and could devote himself to the study in the special historical period of new China.The turbulent and hard growing experience is the main reason why Zhao Lisheng paid attention to the people at the bottom of the society and took the study of social class relations as the main axis of his life-long research.Good Chinese education and Marxist theory accomplishment are the necessary conditions for him to study the history of peasant war.The second chapter mainly combs the research results of Zhao Lisheng's peasant war history,focusing on the originality of his research.In terms of research methods,he broke the traditional clue of the change of dynasties and replaced it with the change of peasant identity;in terms of theoretical issues,he proposed a series of special opinions different from those of scholars of the same era;in terms of research scope,he brought the peasant war into the study of the whole class society,and included ethnic relations and religious issues in the study scope.The third chapter introduces the influence of Zhao Lisheng's theory on the development of the theory.Zhao Lisheng's students are the most affected.Among them,Sun Zuomin,Sun Daren and Qin Hui are the most prominent.They not only have their own achievements in the study of the peasant war,but also always pay attention to the peasant problem.Because Zhao Lisheng insisted on the combination of Marxism and class struggle theory with traditional Chinese history,there was a big difference between the nature of the peasant war and the mainstream historians at that time.After Sun Zuoming absorbed and expanded it,it caused extensive discussion in the academic circle and became an important achievement in the study of the history of the peasant war.And after the reform and opening up,it continue to exertinfluence,and still have high theoretical value.The fourth chapter,on the basis of the first three chapters,evaluates Zhao Lisheng's research and affirms his position as a pioneer.At the same time,due to the special historical environment and the limitations of the historical development stage,he hastily shifted the direction and failed to deepen the study of the history of peasant war.Many theoretical problems were only sdabbling.The research content was scattered,the direction was miscellaneous,there was no opportunity to systemize,and the research of Chinese class society had not done all its work,leaving a lot of regrets.In addition,from the perspective of historical epistemology,it is impossible for historians to get rid of the influence of the society they live in.What they can do is to recognize and actively undertake the mission of the times,actively play their subjective initiative,and coordinate the relationship between individuals and society on the premise of respecting history.