A Study On Discourse Marker "Nageshenme(????)"

The study of discourse markers is a hot topic in the field of linguistics.In recent years,with the development of Cognitive Linguistics and Functional Linguistics,the study of discourse markers has made great progress.In modern Chinese,the use of the demonstrative pronoun "Na(?)" is complicated,and the related discourse marker"Nageshenme(????)" has attracted the attention of scholars.This paper takes the discourse marker "Nageshenme(????)" as the research object.On the basis of large-scale spoken corpus,it systematically analyzes the discourse marker's nature,location distribution,functional characteristics and formation mechanism by using the Conversation Analysis method.This paper is divided into six chapters.The first chapter is the introduction.We summarize the research history of discourse markers abroad and domestically.On the basis of studying these research results,we recognize the research status of discourse marker "Nageshenme(????)".In addition,this chapter introduces and explains the reasons for selecting this topic,the research ideas,the research methods and the source of the corpus.The second chapter determines the nature of "Nageshenme(????)"·First,by referring to existing research,five definition criteria for discourse markers are determined,including phonetics,structure,semantics,syntax,and function.Secondly,it describes and analyzes the use of "Nageshenme(????)" in modern Chinese.It is concluded that there are three properties:1)cross-layer structure "Nageshenme(????)";2)hard-wired structure "Nageshenme(????)";3)discourse marker "Nageshenme(????)".It is thus determined that "Nageshenme(????)" is used as a discourse marker.The third chapter describes the distribution of the discourse marker "Nageshenme(????)" in the dialogue.It includes two aspects:turn position and sequence position.The discourse marker ' Nageshenme(????)" can be used at the beginning of the turn,inside the turn or at the end of the turn.Statistics show that it appears most frequently inside the turn.In the sequence position,the discourse marker "Nageshenme(????)" is often used for the adjacent pairs of "Question-Answer","Statement-Response" and "Challenge-Explanation".In addition,it can also be used in the sequence of "Self-initiation/Self-repair".The fourth chapter analyzes the function of the discourse marker "Nageshenme(????)”.The investigation is carried out from three aspects:discourse function,pragmatic function and context adaptability function.In terms of discourse function,"Nageshenme(????)" has three functions:turn construction,topic organization and discourse adjustment.In terms of pragmatic functions,"Nageshenme(????)" can ease the tone and achieve the effect of relaxation according to the purpose of different language applications.It can also guide the listeners to understand the speech,and play the pragmatic effect of activating common knowledge.In the context adaptation function,as the context changes,speakers often use "Nageshenme(????)" to select speech forms and adjust speech strategies,thereby promoting the smooth progress of communication.The fifth chapter studies the formation mechanism of discourse marker"Nageshenme(????)" and the similar discourse markers.The formation of the discourse marker "Nageshenme(????)" is influenced by reanalysis,pragmatic inference,subjectivisation and pragmatic coercion.Under the influence of reanalysis,the semantic and structural properties of "Nageshenme(????)" have changed.Its original conceptual semantics weakened,and instead expressing pragmatic meanings.It becomes a hard-wired structure and shows flexible characteristics in the distribution as a result.Due to pragmatic inference,the discourse marker "Nageshenme(????)”has a special pragmatic implicit meaning.Speakers use this discourse marker for specific pragmatic intentions,and listeners can understand the pragmatic implications by the context and other factors.The generation of special pragmatic meaning has undergone a process of subjectivisation,it embodies the subjective consciousness of the communication participants.The high frequency of the discourse marker "Nageshenme(????)”in spoken language is the result of pragmatic coercion.This chapter also briefly compares the differences in usage and function between "Nageshenme(????)""Nage(??)" and"Nashenme(???)".The sixth chapter is the conclusion.This chapter summarizes the conclusions of the study and reflects on its deficiencies.Based on the above content,new questions are raised,which provide directions and prospects for future research.