The Analyzed Of Western-Han Dynasty Scholars' Mentality

Scholars' mentality mainly studies the spiritual state and values of the scholars in the specific backgrounds of the times.During the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Periods,as an independent class,scholars began to guide practice with their own ideological doctrines and then had profound influence on the politics,ideologies and cultures aspects of the dynasties,especially for the Qin and Han Dynasties when the unified regime was established.This article is studied from the diachronic and synchronic aspects.The diachronic aspect analyzes the different mentality characteristics of the scholars under the guidance of different ruling thoughts in different periods of the Western Han Dynasty.It can be divided into three historical stages,namely,the scholars' mentality under the guidance of the “Huang Lao inaction” thoughts in the Early Western Han Dynasty,the scholars' mentality under the guidance of the “Confucianism is surface and Legalism is essence” thoughts in Wu Zhaoxuan's period,as well as the scholars' mentality under the guidance of the “Confucianism apotheosis” thoughts in the Late Western Han Dynasty.In addition,from gathering and sorting out the data of the scholars' mentality,I found that the people also have some common mentality' characteristics in the influence of contemporary environment,such as the seclusion mentality,the admonition mentality,the utilitarian mentality.Although the scholars' mentality show different characteristics with the changes of the times in the Western Han Dynasty over the past two hundred years and under the guidance of different ruling thoughts.The synchronic aspect analyzes the common mental characteristics and the reasons.So,this article analyzes from the two diachronic and synchronic aspects with purpose of making the spiritual outlook of the scholars more distinct.