Context-specific Effects Of Cognitive Control:Evidence From Context Specific Control Adjustments

Cognitive control focuses attention on task-related information and ignores information not related to the task.Context specific proportion congruency effects is very important direction to study the flexibility of cognitive control mechanism.When mostly incongruent trials are presented in one context(e.g.,Location A)and mostly congruent trials are presented in another context(e.g.,Location B),the congruency effect is smaller at the former location A,this phenomenon is context specific proportion congruency effects(CSPC).This so-called CSPC effect shows that the flexible adjustment of cognitive control according to environmental conditions.According to the categories of environmental cues,they can be divided into non-emotional cues and emotional cues.Non-emotional cues show that non-emotional cues unrelated to the task can be used as environmental cues to trigger attention adjustment,while emotional cues refer to those unrelated to the task that can trigger attention adjustment.Previous studies have shown that the non-emotional cue of stimulus location can be used as an environmental cue to cause selective processing of information when associated with different conflict frequencies.In addition,facial emotions can be used as environmental cues to control attention.We are in a complex and volatile environment,and the environmental cues we encounter may involve both non-emotional cues and emotional cues.In experiment 1,the non-emotional environment clue of location was used to manipulate the frequency of the occurrence of consistent trials in different positions(most consistent trials appeared above the position,most inconsistent trials appeared below the position,or vice versa.observe whether there is CSPC effect;In experiment2,happy and angry facial pictures were used as clues of emotional environment,and the frequency of consistent trials of emotional situations was manipulated(happiness was presented with most consistent trials,while anger was presented with most inconsistent trials,or vice versa.observe whether the CSPC effect appears in different emotional situations.The results of the experiment 1 shows that the CSPC effect appears in the behavior data,and the consistent effect in the MC condition is significantly greater than that in the MI condition.In terms of EEG data,the CSPC effect was mainly reflected in N200 component of conflict-adaptive processing,and the amplitude difference in most inconsistent situations was significantly smaller than that in most consistent situations.The results of experiment 2 showed that,in terms of behavioral data,CSPC effect was only found in the environment where happy pictures were associated with most inconsistent trials,while no CSPC effect was found in the environment where angry pictures were associated with most inconsistent trials.In terms of EEG data,the CSPC effect was mainly reflected in P300,which was mainly reflected in that the amplitude difference of most inconsistent trials was smaller than that of most consistent trials in the environment where the pictures were associated with mostinconsistent trials.Combining the results of experiments 1 and 2,this study found that location can be used as an environmental cue to regulate attention control,and that conflict in a positive(happy)environment can trigger attention control.