The Study On The Flood Of The Ancient Hutuo River And Its Control

The Hutuo River is the largest tributary of the Ziya River system,and is a more important river in the north.Its watershed spans the three provinces and cities of Shanxi,Hebei,and Tianjin,and is a relatively important river in Hebei Province.The Hutuo River experienced several migrations in ancient China,and its tributaries began to increase in Hebei Province.In the rainy season,more floods occur,and the floods bring disasters to the residents in the river basin.The floods occurred most frequently in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,with high frequency and great harm.Every 50 years or even ten years,floods occurred in many counties.The geographical distribution is less in the east and the west,and more in the middle.At the same time,flooding has also prompted the diversion of watercourses.Due to its geographical location,the Hutuo River lacks congenital conditions,soil is loose,sediment is deposited,the river bed is increasing,coupled with the concentrated rainy season and uneven distribution of tributaries,floods are prone to occur.The past dynasties have continuously accumulated flood control experience from the former dynasty,and actively carried out post-disaster reconstruction,and have become more proactive in governance,with initiative and planning.Governance is mainly reflected in "blocking" and "dredging",preventing and treating floods through dam construction and channeling.In addition,the idea of diversion of Hutuo River by the diversion of Ye River and Zhanghe Rivers has become more and more mature.The main character of the river's governance in the Song Dynasty was Cheng Fang,who renovated the river from the aspects of building dams,diverting water into rivers,and filling ponds with silts.The main river governing figures in the Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties were Guo Shoujing,Liu Zhongli,Gu Wen,Fang Guancheng,Chai Chaosheng,and Yang Tingzhang.They put forward the concept of"people-oriented and adapt to local conditions" for river management,and have made outstanding contributions to the governance of the Hutuo River.