The Relationship Between Cognitive Flexibility, Syntactic Awareness And Sentence Comprehension In Grade 4-6 Primary School Students And Their Intervention

Sentence comprehension is the foundation of chapter reading.In recent years,most of the researches in the field of reading focus on chapter reading,but few on sentence comprehension.Therefore,it is necessary to understand the cognitive process of sentence comprehension so as to improve reading comprehension.Sentence comprehension involves two kinds of processing processes: syntax and semantics.The process of sentence comprehension not only needs the supervision and guidance of syntactic awareness,but also needs the flexible coordination of execution function.In this paper,students of grade 4,grade 5 and grade 6 were selected as subjects to study the relationship between syntactic awareness and cognitive flexibility and sentence comprehension,and explore the development characteristics of syntactic awareness,cognitive flexibility and sentence comprehension,as well as the improvement effect of syntactic awareness and cognitive flexibility intervention training on sentence comprehension from the perspective of syntactic awareness and cognitive flexibility.This paper is divided into two studies.The first is exploratory research,which examines the relationship between cognitive flexibility,syntactic awareness and sentence comprehension.Subjects for elementary school students,a total of 158 students in grade four,five,six.Adopts the general cognitive flexibility of Wisconsin card sorting task.Chinese character classification task measure Chinese character classification flexibility.Syntax-semantic flexibility test measure syntax-semantic flexibility.The sentence determine correct tasks measure syntactic awareness,Sentences-picture matching paradigm measure sentence comprehension.According to the results of study 1,a total of 24 fourth-grade students whose correct rate of sentence comprehension was less than 40% were selected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group.The training period was 6 weeks,and the training was conducted once a week,to further verify whether the training of cognitive flexibility and syntactic awareness promoted the ability of sentencecomprehension.The results show that :(1)Students' syntactic awareness,cognitive flexibility and sentence comprehension ability increase with the growth of grade;(2)The syntactic awareness of grade 5 and grade 6 students is positively correlated with grammar-semantic flexibility;(3)General cognitive flexibility and grammar-semantic flexibility can predict the sentence comprehension ability of grade 4 and grade 6elementary school students,while syntactic awareness,grammar-semantic flexibility,Chinese character classification flexibility and general cognitive flexibility can predict the sentence comprehension ability of grade 5 elementary school students;(4)The training of syntactic awareness and cognitive flexibility can improve the level of syntactic awareness and cognitive flexibility of fourth-grade students,thus promoting the improvement of sentence comprehension.