Rural Water Conservancy Construction And Its Social Problems In Henan Area Of Qing Dynasty

Rural water conservancy is a small-scale water conservancy project built by rural people's self-found organization,aiming directly at meeting the water consuming of living and production for rural life.From the Qing Dynasty,because of the sharpening of contradiction between man and land,the intensification of nature disasters as well as the political instability later,rural water conservancy in Henan area had become an important means for people to solve water resource problem by virtue of its practical engineering types and diverse organization method.It can be seen from the rural water conservancy of Henan in Qing Dynasty that the government's ability to control rural affairs shows a downward trend.Thus,rural elites became the core figures of rural rights in Henan.Then,the interaction between villages in the Qing Dynasty increased obviously with the development of inter-village cooperation of water conservancy projects.But because of the contradictions between villages over water use,the relationships between villages deteriorated.Finally,the rural water conservancy had created the unique water conservancy sacrifice activity in Henan.These activities had not only enriched rural people's lives,but also strengthening the organizational capacity of rural people and became a part of Henan folk customs.Qing Dynasty is an important period for the construction of rural water conservancy in Henan,which plays a significant role in shaping rural features of Henan.