The Research On The Buddhist Monks And Their Management In The Northern Wei Dynasty

Since Buddhism was introduced to China,it developed continuously during the Han,Wei,Jin,and Sixteen Kingdoms,and flourished in the Northern Wei Dynasty.During the Northern Wei Dynasty,with the growth of Buddhist power and the large number of monks,the monks community has gradually developed into an important part of society,and they engage in various activities,which has had a major impact on the public and even the ruling class.The monks in the Northern Wei Dynasty are divided into local monks and foreign monks in terms of their nationality,and they can also be divided into monks in temples and youhua monks in the way of practice.The characteristics of monks in their sources,places of activity and practice methods can also reflect the development of Northern Wei Buddhism.In the Northern Wei Dynasty,there have been many activities with monks as the main body.The monks are the main translators of scripture translation,and participate in scripture writing activities as proofreaders and funders in scripture writing.The monks assumed different responsibilities during the lectures and were the main participants and mentors at the time.The monks and Sangha in addition to personally contribute statues,they also play different roles as Yishi teachers,organizers,and ordinary participants in Yiyi's statue making activities.For the growing monk group,the Northern Wei government established the Central Zhaoxuan Temple and local Samen Cao and other monk institutions,it clearly stipulate that monk officials have various powers.The Northern Wei government manages monk groups by regulating monks and nuns,controlling the number of monks,selecting and eliminating monks and nuns,and managing monk registers.The Sangha system of the Northern Wei Dynasty also has self-management and restraint.The precepts of Buddhism prevalent in the Northern Wei Dynasty played a role in the regulation of monks in their practice and life.The unique regulations of monks and nuns in the Northern Wei Dynasty also effectively controlled various aspects of monks and nuns' lives.