A Study On Chinese Tone Acquisition Error Of Swedish Elementary Chinese Learners

Acquiring Chinese tones is a difficult task in Chinese learners whose native language is Swedish.Based on the study of listening and pronunciation experiments of Swedish beginner learners of Chinese,the auther discusses the difficulty in acquiring Chinese tones and distribution of errors made by Swedish Chinese learners accroding to the accuracy and error modes in the experiments.The study shows that the difficulty of acquiring the four Chinese tones is different for Swedish leaners.The ranking of difficulty from the high to the low are Tone Yangping,Tone Yinping,Tone Qusheng and Tone Shangsheng in listening,while in pronunciation are Tone Shangsheng,Tone Qusheng,Tone Yangping and Tone Yinping.According to the analysis of the results of listening experiment,it can be found that in the two-character words,the most significant influence on the Tone Yinping of the following-character is the Tone Qusheng of the proceding-characters,the most significant influence on the Tone Yangping of the following-character is the Tone Qusheng of the proceding-characters,the most significant influence on the Tone Shangsheng of the following-character is the Tone Yinping of the proceding-characters,the most significant influence on the Tone Qusheng of the following-character is the Tone Yangping of the proceding-characters.In the pronunciation experiments,it is found that in the two-character words,the most significant influence on the Tone Yinping of the following-character is the Tone Yangping of the proceding-characters.the most significant influence on the Tone Yangping of the following-character is the Tone Shangsheng of the proceding-characters.the most significant influence on the Tone Shangsheng of the following-character is the Tone Yangping of the proceding-characters.the most significant influence on the Tone Qusheng of the following-character is the Tone Yinping and Shangsheng of the proceding-characters.By comparing with the results of Chinese tones acquired by Thai students,the auther further explores the characteristics of Chinese tones acquistion of Swedish students.Based on the results of this experiment,the author analysis the causes of errors in Chinese tones acquired by Swedish students from the aspects of mother tongue interference,target language interference,teachers and textbooks,and students’ strategies.As for the countermeaasures,the author proposes five teaching suggestions,accordingly,namely,establishing the "Tone View",cultivating the awareness of Chinese tones,strengthening the teaching of Chinese tone,adjusting the teaching content of Chinese tones in textbooks,optimizing the curriculum settings,conducting regular tests,and introducing means such as Internet,Muitimedia and APP etc.