A Study Of Taiwan Provincial Council(1946-1951)

In October 1945,Taiwan recovered.In order to consolidate the rule of the national government in Taiwan,resolve the gap between the people and the government,and elect the Taiwan representatives of the National Congress,the national government decided to establish the Taiwan Provincial Council as soon as possible.In the process of the election of Taiwan's Provincial Council,the office of the chief executive of Taiwan Province has invested a lot,and the people who are encouraged and have the ideal of participating in politics are also enthusiastic and actively involved.In April 1946,after many elections,the provincial council produced 30 members.In May of the same year,the first session of the provincial council opened in Taipei,marking the formal establishment of the Taiwan Provincial Council.The government and all sectors of society have high hopes for the Taiwan Provincial Council.After its establishment,the provincial council has also actively participated in politics and made great efforts to offer suggestions,forming a relatively good interactive atmosphere with the government.However,the 2· 28 Event broke out at the end of February 1947,which caused a heavy blow to Taiwan's traditional political elite.Some provincial senators were arrested and resigned,and the rest of thesenators were demoralized and their enthusiasm for participating in politics was greatly reduced.The flow and change of senators were accelerated,their social representation was gradually weakened,and the provincial council began to decline.After the KMT's defeat in 1949 and the National Assembly's subsequent move to Taiwan,the political focus of Taiwan's parliament shifted from the provincial council to the national assembly.The political influence of Taiwan's provincial council deteriorated.Until the establishment of Taiwan's provisional provincial parliament in December 1951,Taiwan's provincial council withdrew from the historical stage.In more than five years since its existence,the provincial Senate has held 11 meetings,which had a profound impact on Taiwan society at that time.This paper takes the Taiwan Provincial Council as the research object,discusses the preparation and establishment of the provincial council,its own functions and powers,institutional setting,members composition,activities of the council,analyzes the actual operation and specific effectiveness of the Taiwan Provincial Council,and tries to give a relatively objective and fair evaluation.The main body of this paper is divided into four parts.The first part is the establishment of the provincial council,which mainly introduces the background of the establishment of the Taiwan Provincial Council,the specific process of preparation and election,functions and powers,and internal institutions.The second part is the analysis of the composition of the members,and studies it from the perspectives of age,gender,number and rate of votes,educational background,category and political opinions,replacement and supplement of senators.The third part is the political participation of the provincial Senate.It briefly introduces the main contents of the previous conferences of the provincial council,analyzes the situation and actions of the provincial council in the "2·28 Evebt",and lists theparticipation of the provincial council in other important activities.The fourth part is the evaluation of the effectiveness of the council,and summarizes the positive and negative ideas of the Taiwan Provincial council Righteousness and deficiency.The point of view of this paper is that the provincial council of Taiwan has great progressive significance: the provincial council has promoted the democratization process of Taiwan and the political participation of the people of Taiwan has also been improved;the provincial council has highlighted the characteristics of the local "parliament" and accumulated rich experience for the construction of local autonomy;the provincial council has made the maximum application and breakthrough within the scope of existing laws and regulations,constantly expanding its influence has played a role in supervising the government to a certain extent;the provincial council has gathered the political elites of Taiwan society,whose members have high personal quality.During the meeting,it has deliberated on a large number of proposals and passed a series of proposals conducive to the improvement of people's livelihood and social development,maintaining the stability of local society;When the provincial council is playing a role of representative,it has defended China's sovereignty and territorial integrity both subjectively and objectively.At the same time,this paper also believes that there are many deficiencies in Taiwan's council: the provincial council is essentially a consultative body rather than a provincial legislature,and its role in political life is subject to many constraints;the original purpose of Taiwan's council is to elect Taiwan's National Representatives,but Taiwan's council plays an ignominious role in the election of National Representatives.In fact,it is a "parliament" composed of landlord families and upper political figures,whose class interests sometimes conflict with the rights and interests of ordinarypeople at the bottom.The Council was manipulated by the Kuomintang authorities in the issues related to the civil war of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party,cooperated with the action of the Kuomintang authorities to move into Taiwan,and carried out anti Communist propaganda for many times.In a word,the Senate of Taiwan Province has an important position in Taiwan's history.It has a considerable progressive significance in Taiwan's modern history,modern Chinese political system history and other dimensions,and has a profound impact on Taiwan society.However,restricted by the limitations of the times,it is difficult for the provincial council to fully perform its functions and reflect its due political functions in its political practice,so there are many deficiencies.