The Challenge In Enforcing The United Nation Security Council Resolution 1325 In South Sudan

In the conventional security issues in international relations,women are not a hot topic even though the gender issue,in particular the feminist theories grew rapidly out of the 1960-70 s.Yet,still less discussion has been directed to the plight of women‘s security in the developing countries,such as Africa and East Asia.Due to this reason,this study aims to approach the women security in South Sudan which was founded as a sovereign state in 2011.the following argument will involve the women issue in the newly independent country,with a view to explore why even the UNSCR 1325 has not been able to exercise protection of the local women? Despite the huge deployment of United Nations Peacekeeping Mission which include a supportive contribution of the Chinese contingent.In 2011 when south Sudan become independent,most people paid their attention to the political stability and economic development,but few if not none of them raised the issue of local women security and protection.In doing so,this study seeks to explore how effective the UNSCR 1325 is being achieved in South Sudan conflict.In south Sudan,a civil war has displaced millions.Since its onset in 2013,the conflict has threatened to pave a path to genocide and has led to mass rape of countless women.And the often unsuccessful peace negotiations seeking to extinguish it –frequently highlight the use of sexual violence as a weapon in war in south Sudan.Yet the discussion about sexual violence and conflict often stops there,and observers may have little idea about the circumstances of south Sudanese women.This work has discussed this problem in five chapters starting with chapter one.Chapter one is the introductory,the significant of this study seeks to determine why the Africa Specially south Sudan has not been able to implement the UNSCR 1325 despite the development of National Action Plan 1325 of many Countries of Africa.Also,to ascertain the degree to which UNSCR 1325 is being implemented inside the UNSC,identify the challenges facing the Ministry of Gender in implementing UNSC Resolution 1325 and to make recommendations for a review of policies on the role of women in conflict resolution.Again,this chapter remains focused on why are women excluded from Conflict resolution and high position in peace-making roles Particularly in South Sudan.And why even the UNSCR 1325 has not been able to exercise protection of the local women? After the adaptation and the development of national action plans in South Sudan Women are still not secure.In this light,this study has measured relevant related literature,government websites,publications,articles,other official documentaries and books that have contributed to the success of this work.Also,qualitative and quantitative methods have been used to collect data mostly through secondary sampling;beside,other approaches include interviews and questionnaires for the purpose of gathering primary information.The feminist movement and women's movements struggle with issues of inclusion and exclusion,specifically in terms of race,gender,class and geographical location.Not just by asking the question "Where are the women??,But also " Which women were?? Feminism and femininity Animations work to overcome exclusions.Hence,this chapter has assessed how Women are subject to social exclusion in many ways because of their sex.The Feminist movement in the 1970 s was in fact a direct result of marginalization White women from the working population and undervalued domestic work(MoosaMitha,2005).Feminists therefore advocate that men and women should participate equally Work,the public sector and the home,with due regard to their capabilities.Accordingly,South Sudan women in their conflict further expressed and continue to advocate for their security,protection and participation in their conflict resolution through national governments,civil society groups and the international community.Therefore the most appropriate theory applied for this work is the Feminist theory.Chapter two measured the formulation of the UNSCR 1325 for an essential framework of full participation of women in the decision-making process and a critical component of Achieve gender equality in international human rights conventions and global policy framework.However,the two international agreements-CEDAW and the BPFA(Beijing Platform for Action)have been important mechanisms which have helped to drive a greater focus on developing a gender perspective into public policies relating to women,peace and security issues.Again,this chapter emphasizes the strong UN mechanism,justice,enforcement and recommendations for National Action Plans of OSCE participating States: Analysis,recommendation and best practices.Chapter three analyses the important role of regional body,such as the African Union AU,IGAG,the Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS,Southern African Development Community SADC etc.These institutions had played a great role in the Implementation of the UNSCR1325 in Africa.Also makes provision and advocacy for gender equality and women and child protection.Chapter four is the focus of this work which indicates an essential aspect of the explosive situation in South Sudan,recent outbreaks of civil war which resulted in special security threats that disproportionately hit women in violent conflict and hostilities include sexual and gender-based violence(SGBV).During the ongoing reports of numerous civil war on sexual violence targeting women have emerged,as millions of families flee their homes and women are increasingly the responsibility of dependent family members.Although women are not a homogeneous group with a unique voice,they are an important part of the population and their well-being is important to the health of the country.It shows the exclusion of women from conflict resolution,peace-building and state-building processes.In a legal framework the country under its mandate as a member of the UN established its national action plan for implementation of UNSCR 1325..The process,led by the Ministry of Gender,Child and Social Welfare(MGCSW),with the United Nations Mission in South Sudan(UNMISS)as the co-chair.Finally,Chapter five provides concluding notes for this study,summaries the total findings and the study contribution and also major elements relating to this study.The challenges identified in the study demands that certain measures be taken to improve upon the implementation of UNSCR 1325 in the Africa and South Sudan.