Study On Social Exclusion And Social Integration Of Vulnerable Children

In recent years,the status quo of the survival of vulnerable children in China has always been concerned by scholars at home and abroad.The relevant policies for vulnerable children in China have also been effectively developed.However,the study on the social exclusion and social integration of vulnerable children is still relatively lacking.Multisubjective and multidimensional social exclusion faced by vulnerable children is the main threat to their survival and development.Promoting social integration is an effective way to help vulnerable children improve their well-beings.This study is based on the investigation of vulnerable children in LS District N City,and combines the four dimensions of individual health,family relationships,school integration,and social support from the continuum perspective of social exclusion to social integration.It analyzes the situation of social exclusion toward vulnerable children and further explore how to effectively promote the realization of their social integration.The core research questions in this study are as following.First,what are the basic situations of the vulnerable children in LS District?Do they belong to left-behind and mobile child,lack-of-guardianship child,suffering from domestic violence child,wandering and begging child,or special difficulties child?Second,based on the analysis of the living conditions of vulnerable children,this study would further explore whether vulnerable children are socially excluded and what social exclusion they are subjected to?Third,how do vulnerable children suffer social exclusion in different dimensions?Fourth,how can we help vulnerable children overcome social exclusion and achieve social integration better so as to promote their well-beings?Based on the review of the literature,this study tends to make innovative combination between the continuum from integration to exclusion proposed by Castel(2000)including disaffiliation,vulnerability,assistance,integration and the influence of diverse subjects on social exclusion and social integration of vulnerable children to respond to the above research questions.The responses of this study have certain theoretical,practical and policy development significance toward development of vulnerable children.This research will adopt Multidimensional Method to conduct research,and throughout the selection of research methods,data collection and data analysis.In the selection of research methods,this article will combine the advantages of Survey Research Method and Field Research Method to conduct research on children in LS District.In the collection of data,this paper will adopt a combination of Structured Interview and Participant Observation to obtain relevant information for vulnerable children,and further analyze and collate the data through quantitative and qualitative methods.In this process,the multidimensional method idea will permeate the whole process of the research,and researchers will strictly observe the research ethics to protect the respondents' personal information and basic rights.The study finds that,first,the social exclusion of vulnerable children is concentrated on lack-of-guardianship and special difficulties.The wandering and begging children have not been involved in this research,and most of vulnerable children are facing double dilemmas.The types of dilemmas are complex and their living conditions are worrying.They need effective intervention.Second,vulnerable children are mainly exposed to social exclusion in four major dimensions:individual health,family relationships,school integration,and social support.In terms of individual health dimension,disaffiliation is mainly manifested when vulnerable children lack family and social care;and vulnerability is mainly manifested in the fact that individuals suffering from diseases are vulnerable to fragile situations.In terms of family relationships dimension,disaffiliation is mainly manifested in the lack of support from the family system and in unstable family relationships;vulnerability is reflected in the fact that vulnerable children are at a disadvantaged position in the family and may experience domestic violence.In terms of school integration dimension,disaffiliation is mainly manifested in the difficulties of vulnerable children's integration into the mainstream school culture and it's difficult for them to obtain a sense of presence and identity;vulnerability is mainly reflected in the fact that children are vulnerable to exclusion from school peer groups and are prone to school violence.In terms of social support dimension,disaffiliation is mainly manifested in the difficulty of obtaining social support and protection and being alienated from society;and vulnerability is mainly reflected in the fact that children are vulnerable to risk factors of different dimensions and thus fall into the vicious circle of dilemmas.Third,vulnerable children are not only affected by social exclusion from different dimensions,but these different dimensions would also affect each other,thus presenting dynamic characteristics.Based on the multidimensional features of social exclusion,this study proposes to protect the vulnerable children through graded protection,and to promote social integration through multi-agents intervention.The graded protection of vulnerable children is the basis of social integration.The social integration with the help of multiple agents includes restoration of individual health,improvement of family relationship,promotion of school integration,and increasing of social support.The analysis of each dimension will be further refined with assistance and integration in response to disaffiliation and vulnerability of social exclusion.The combination of graded protection and multi-agents intervention can help vulnerable children reduce social exclusion,achieve social integration,and improve social well-beings.