Research On Economic And Social Upgrading Under The Background Of Global Value Chain

Over the past 30 years,the exploration and deepening of the global value chain has provided many valuable researches for the development of contemporary global capitalism.Countries or sectors gain more benefits by embedding the global value chain,called upgrading.On the premise of upgrading,the greater competitiveness and profitability of the enterprise level are called "economic" upgrades.The improvement of workers' working conditions and the increase of remuneration are called "social" upgrades.Economic upgrading and social upgrading are two parallel paths under the existing global value chain research shell frame.However,the focuses on the global value chain and does not pay enough attention to work and workers.Such a focus on innovation at the corporate level often leads to a situation where labor is seen as a major element of higher transformative power and can benefit from the increase in the workforce.An implicit assumption is that the economic escalation on the value chain is automatically converted to social upgrading through higher wages and better working conditions,so there is little analysis of the relationship between economic and social upgrades.However,the results of case studies are not always the same.In previous studies,scholars have found that in many developing countries,economic upgrading but social degradation,while participating in the global value chain can bring economic rapid development,but also provide a hotbed of exploitation of the labor force.Although the economic escalation is the ultimate outcome of every country,the economic upgrades will be unsustainable if the social upgrades they create are highly exploited and unsafe.In order to make up for the shortage of previous research,in recent years,the main scholars of the global value chain research put forward the concept of social upgrading focusing on the working conditions of workers.This concept is designed to study whether the result of economic upgrading leads to the social upgrading of industrial workers,that is,whether the wage level,working environment,social security,social welfare,and so on are followed by the workers.The economic upgrades have changed.The study of social upgrading is very important for any country.It is of great significance to the development of human beings to share the results of economic development and to promote social progress and harmonious development.As a "world factory",China gradually integrates itself into the global value chain by means of labor and resources advantages,China has become the world's first export power.The relevant studies have found that China's overall integration into the global value chain is relatively high,but the relationship between China's economic development and social upgrading after integration into the global value chain is not discussed.This is because economic upgrading and social upgrading may be easy to perceive,but difficult to quantify.Quantifying may help to find out how many upgrades have occurred,which departments of a country have experienced a relatively large or less upgrades,or which country's departments have experienced more upgrades.Measurement will also help to formulate and evaluate policies that aim to improve social upgrading and economic upgrading.In the context of global value chain,this study uses the new analytical framework,selects the most core concept in the definition of economic upgrading and social upgrading as a measurement index,breaks through the existing parallel research path for social upgrading and economic upgrading,and takes the eight representative industries of China as an example to study the situation of economic upgrading and social upgrading,and explores the social and economic upgrading of China.And the coordinated growth of social upgrading.It is found that the eight industries have been upgraded in the economic and social fields.Economic upgrading has a strong correlation with the degree of industry openness and social upgrading;the correlation between social upgrading and the degree of industry openness is not high,and participation in the global value chain has little effect on the result of social upgrading.In most of the industries selected,the speed of social upgrading is obviously lagging behind the economic upgrading,and the synergistic growth rate of the two is low.The rapid economic upgrading brought by the global value chain is not necessarily transformed into social upgrading.The industry with higher quality of labor force has a faster social upgrading and a higher coordinated growth rate for economic upgrading.The innovations of this research are as follows: first,we systematically discuss the concept and connotation of upgrading.In the current research,the economic upgrading is equivalent to all the upgrading,ignoring the social upgrading and upgrading the society as an inevitable result of economic upgrading.But in practice,a large number of cases show that the two are not naturally occurring at the same time,and the economic upgrading will not necessarily synchronize social upgrading,and may even be degraded.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of upgrading concept is a theoretical innovation for correcting unilateral emphasis on economic upgrading and promoting the all-round development of economy and society.Two,on the basis of theoretical analysis,we have empirically studied the degree of opening to the outside world and the upgrading of economy and society in some industries in China.The eighteen major reports of the party make a "five in one" overall layout of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.This study is to carry out this policy.Through the comparative analysis of the level of opening to the outside world,economic upgrading and social upgrading in some sectors of China,In this paper some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward,and the research has a certain practice to promote the overall development of China's economy and society significance.